Aphid protective symbionts as unseen drivers of population and community dynamics and the impact for biological control

蚜虫保护性共生体作为种群和群落动态的看不见的驱动因素以及对生物控制的影响

• 批准号: 2887899
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2887899
• 关键词: Aphid; protective; symbionts; unseen; drivers

BackgroundAphids are important agricultural insect pests that feed on plants and transmit devastating plant viruses. Biological control methods are increasingly being used to combat aphids, either by introducing natural enemies into the agroecosystem or managing the agroecosystem to support higher numbers of natural enemies. Our research investigates effects of aphid-suppressing rhizobacteria, parasitoid wasps, entomopathogenic fungi, and wildflower strips for reducing aphid populations on crop plants.Almost all aphids host a primary bacterial symbiont and many host secondary bacterial symbionts. The latter can confer wide benefits, including resistance to natural enemies as entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoids, but at a cost to aphid reproductive output. Thus, aphid symbionts can impact aphid population growth, dynamics, and reduce the efficacy of biological control. Most aphid-symbiont research has been on the model pea aphid, but species-specific outcomes mean these are difficult to extrapolate to other aphids. The cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae) has been relatively widely studied and tends to host more symbionts than many other studied aphid species, providing a useful system to study aphid symbiont communities. This project will use controlled experiments to investigate how aphid symbionts alter aphid population dynamics with consequences for biological control. Objectives1. To develop a set of experimental cereal aphid-symbiont lines from field collected samples, by manipulating the aphid internal microbiome through antibiotic curing and microinjections. 2. To determine the costs and benefits of hosting endosymbionts when challenged with different natural enemies (entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoids).3. To follow population/community dynamics over time using artificial community mesocosms and field experimentsNovelty and TimelinessA recent meta-analysis highlighted the lack of species-specific information for cereal aphids and their bacterial symbionts, while recent field studies have shown strong responses of symbiont communities to field management and the abundance of natural enemies. Our established research system uses a wide range of natural enemies and aphid-suppressing rhizobacteria, with broad opportunities to create artificial communities to follow the population/community dynamics of aphid-symbiont lines.

背景化是以植物为食并传播毁灭性植物病毒的重要农业害虫。生物控制方法越来越多地通过将自然敌人引入农业生态系统或管理农业生态系统来支持更多的自然敌人来对抗蚜虫。我们的研究调查了蚜虫抑制的根瘤菌，寄生虫黄蜂，昆虫病作用真菌和野花剥离，以减少作物植物上的蚜虫种群。几乎所有蚜虫都携带一个主要的细菌共生体和许多宿主二级细菌象征。后者可以赋予广泛的益处，包括对天然敌人的抵抗力，例如昆虫致病的真菌和寄生虫，但要花费蚜虫生殖产量。因此，蚜虫共生体会影响蚜虫人口的增长，动态性，并降低生物控制的疗效。大多数蚜虫 - 伴侣研究都在模型的豌豆蚜虫上，但是物种特异性的结果意味着这些结果很难推断到其他蚜虫。谷物蚜虫（Sitobion avenae）的研究相对广泛，并且比许多其他研究的蚜虫物种倾向于容纳更多的共生体，这为研究蚜虫共生群落提供了有用的系统。该项目将使用受控的实验来研究蚜虫共生体如何改变蚜虫种群动态，并对生物控制产生影响。目标1。通过通过抗生素固化和微注射来操纵蚜虫的内部微生物组，开发了一组来自收集样品的实验谷物蚜虫 - 共生线。 2。确定托管内共生体的成本和收益在面对不同的天然敌人（昆虫病变真菌和寄生虫）时。3。使用人工群落中的媒介和现场实验遵循人口/社区动态，近期的荟萃分析强调了缺乏针对谷物蚜虫及其细菌的特定物种信息，而最近的现场研究表明，Symbiont社区对现场对现场的反应有很强的反应管理和丰富的自然敌人。我们既定的研究系统都采用了广泛的自然敌人和蚜虫抑制的根瘤菌，并提供了广泛的机会来创建人工社区，以遵循蚜虫 - 共生线的人群/社区动态。