Impulsivity and Information Processing in Adolescent Cannabis Abuse

青少年大麻滥用中的冲动和信息处理

• 批准号: 7140683
• 负责人: Donald M Dougherty
• 金额: $ 23.91万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-25 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7140683
• 关键词: Cannabis; adolescence (12-20); attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain disorders; child behavior; child psychology; chronic disease /disorder; clinical research; cognition; developmental neurobiology; drug abuse; executive function; human subject; impulsive behavior; interview; memory; mental health epidemiology; neural information processing; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; neurotoxicology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study is designed to determine how chronic adolescent cannabis abuse affects processes of impulsivity, attention, memory, and executive function, and to characterize how these processes are related relationship. This proposal is an exploratory grant (R21 funding mechanism) submitted in response to RFA DA-05-007, which focuses on the consequences of adolescent substance abuse. Adolescence is a critical developmental period when young people learn to regulate their emotions and behaviors, and learn skills to cope with increased environmental demands and autonomy. Maturational changes related to reward-seeking, motivation, and self-regulation occur during adolescence and this development extends into young adulthood. These developments occur across multiple domains of behavioral, cognitive, and neuro-physiological functioning, and cannabis has the potential to negatively affect any or all of these processes. Studies of adults and animals have demonstrated cannabis affects on these domains. Unfortunately, cannabis use most often begins during adolescence when individuals are at increased susceptibility to these disruptive effects on development. Antecedents and consequents of cannabis use on the developing behavioral, cognitive, and neurophysiological processes during adolescence have not been adequately tested and remain poorly understood. Advances in technology now allow for a more sophisticated understanding of the aspects of information processing and behavior impacted by cannabis abuse. The proposed study is unique because it brings together a group of established experts using a multidimensional approach to determine the impact of cannabis use on behavioral impulsivity and within the broader construct of information processing (including attention, memory, and executive function). The three primary aims are to determine: (1) the effects of chronic adolescent cannabis abuse on distinct components of impulsive behavior; (2) the effects of chronic adolescent cannabis abuse on attention, memory, and executive function; and (3) how each of the components of impulsivity are related to deficits in aspects of information processing (attention, memory, and executive function) among chronic cannabis abusers and controls. Relevance of Research to Public Health: This study will produce information that will advance our knowledge of the effects of chronic cannabis abuse during adolescence, with the potential to alter the methods and technologies that drive the field of substance abuse research. First, the study focuses on an adolescent sample, which is the age-range with a highest potential risk for lasting neurocognitive effects from cannabis use. Second, the study tests a model of impulsivity, which is central to many aspects of substance abuse. And third, data obtained with the multidimensional model of impulsivity will be interpreted within the context of broader information processing systems, which allows for a more sophisticated understanding of the behavioral effects occurring as the result of cannabis abuse during adolescence.

描述（由申请人提供）： 这项研究旨在确定慢性青少年大麻滥用如何影响冲动，注意力，记忆和执行功能的过程，并表征这些过程如何与之相关的关系。该提案是针对RFA DA-05-007提交的探索性赠款（R21融资机制），该赠款的重点是青少年滥用药物的后果。青春期是一个关键的发展时期，年轻人学会规范自己的情绪和行为，并学习技能以应对增强的环境需求和自主权。与寻求奖励，动机和自我调节有关的成熟变化在青春期发生，这一发展延伸至年轻人。这些发展发生在行为，认知和神经生理功能的多个领域，大麻有可能对任何或全部这些过程产生负面影响。对成年人和动物的研究表明大麻对这些领域有影响。不幸的是，大麻的使用通常是在青春期开始时开始的，当时个人对这些破坏性影响的敏感性增加。在青春期期间，大麻使用在发展中的行为，认知和神经生理过程中的先例和结果尚未得到充分的测试，并且仍然了解不足。现在，技术进步可以使对大麻滥用影响的信息处理和行为方面有更复杂的了解。拟议的研究之所以独一无二，是因为它使用多维方法汇集了一群成熟的专家，以确定大麻使用对行为冲动性的影响以及信息处理的更广泛的构造（包括注意力，记忆和执行功能）。这三个主要目的是确定：（1）慢性青少年大麻滥用对冲动行为的不同组成部分的影响； （2）慢性青少年大麻滥用对注意力，记忆和执行功能的影响； （3）冲动性的每个组成部分与慢性大麻滥用者和控件中信息处理方面（注意，记忆和执行功能）方面的缺陷有关。研究与公共卫生的相关性：这项研究将产生信息，以提高我们对青春期慢性大麻滥用的影响的了解，并有可能改变推动滥用药物研究领域的方法和技术。首先，该研究的重点是青少年样本，该样本是大麻使用的持久神经认知效果的潜在风险最高的年龄范围。其次，该研究测试了一种冲动模型，这对于滥用药物的许多方面至关重要。第三，将在更广泛的信息处理系统的背景下解释使用冲动性的多维模型获得的数据，这使人们对青春期滥用大麻的滥用导致对行为效应有更复杂的理解。