Impulsivity and Information Processing in Adolescent Cannabis Abuse

青少年大麻滥用中的冲动和信息处理

• 批准号: 7140683
• 负责人: Donald M Dougherty
• 金额: $ 23.91万
• 依托单位: WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-25 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7140683
• 关键词: Cannabis; adolescence (12-20); attention; behavioral /social science research tag; brain disorders; child behavior; child psychology; chronic disease /disorder; clinical research; cognition; developmental neurobiology; drug abuse; executive function; human subject; impulsive behavior; interview; memory; mental health epidemiology; neural information processing; neurophysiology; neuropsychology; neurotoxicology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study is designed to determine how chronic adolescent cannabis abuse affects processes of impulsivity, attention, memory, and executive function, and to characterize how these processes are related relationship. This proposal is an exploratory grant (R21 funding mechanism) submitted in response to RFA DA-05-007, which focuses on the consequences of adolescent substance abuse. Adolescence is a critical developmental period when young people learn to regulate their emotions and behaviors, and learn skills to cope with increased environmental demands and autonomy. Maturational changes related to reward-seeking, motivation, and self-regulation occur during adolescence and this development extends into young adulthood. These developments occur across multiple domains of behavioral, cognitive, and neuro-physiological functioning, and cannabis has the potential to negatively affect any or all of these processes. Studies of adults and animals have demonstrated cannabis affects on these domains. Unfortunately, cannabis use most often begins during adolescence when individuals are at increased susceptibility to these disruptive effects on development. Antecedents and consequents of cannabis use on the developing behavioral, cognitive, and neurophysiological processes during adolescence have not been adequately tested and remain poorly understood. Advances in technology now allow for a more sophisticated understanding of the aspects of information processing and behavior impacted by cannabis abuse. The proposed study is unique because it brings together a group of established experts using a multidimensional approach to determine the impact of cannabis use on behavioral impulsivity and within the broader construct of information processing (including attention, memory, and executive function). The three primary aims are to determine: (1) the effects of chronic adolescent cannabis abuse on distinct components of impulsive behavior; (2) the effects of chronic adolescent cannabis abuse on attention, memory, and executive function; and (3) how each of the components of impulsivity are related to deficits in aspects of information processing (attention, memory, and executive function) among chronic cannabis abusers and controls. Relevance of Research to Public Health: This study will produce information that will advance our knowledge of the effects of chronic cannabis abuse during adolescence, with the potential to alter the methods and technologies that drive the field of substance abuse research. First, the study focuses on an adolescent sample, which is the age-range with a highest potential risk for lasting neurocognitive effects from cannabis use. Second, the study tests a model of impulsivity, which is central to many aspects of substance abuse. And third, data obtained with the multidimensional model of impulsivity will be interpreted within the context of broader information processing systems, which allows for a more sophisticated understanding of the behavioral effects occurring as the result of cannabis abuse during adolescence.

描述（由申请人提供）： 本研究旨在确定青少年长期滥用大麻如何影响冲动、注意力、记忆和执行功能的过程，并描述这些过程之间的相关关系。该提案是响应 RFA DA-05-007 提交的探索性赠款（R21 资助机制），重点关注青少年药物滥用的后果。青春期是一个关键的发展时期，年轻人学习调节自己的情绪和行为，并学习应对日益增长的环境要求和自主性的技能。与寻求奖励、动机和自我调节相关的成熟变化发生在青春期，这种发展一直延伸到成年早期。这些发展发生在行为、认知和神经生理功能的多个领域，大麻有可能对任何或所有这些过程产生负面影响。对成人和动物的研究表明大麻对这些领域有影响。不幸的是，大麻的使用通常始于青春期，此时个体对这些对发育的破坏性影响的敏感性增加。青春期吸食大麻对行为、认知和神经生理过程发展的前因和后果尚未得到充分测试，并且仍然知之甚少。现在，技术的进步使人们能够更深入地了解大麻滥用影响的信息处理和行为的各个方面。这项拟议的研究是独一无二的，因为它汇集了一组知名专家，使用多维方法来确定大麻使用对行为冲动的影响以及更广泛的信息处理结构（包括注意力、记忆和执行功能）。三个主要目标是确定：（1）青少年长期滥用大麻对冲动行为的不同组成部分的影响； (2) 青少年长期吸食大麻对注意力、记忆力和执行功能的影响； (3) 冲动的各个组成部分如何与长期大麻滥用者和控制者的信息处理（注意力、记忆和执行功能）方面的缺陷相关。研究与公共卫生的相关性：这项研究将产生的信息将增进我们对青春期慢性大麻滥用影响的了解，并有可能改变推动药物滥用研究领域的方法和技术。首先，该研究重点关注青少年样本，该年龄范围因使用大麻而产生持久神经认知影响的潜在风险最高。其次，该研究测试了冲动模型，该模型对于药物滥用的许多方面都至关重要。第三，通过多维冲动模型获得的数据将在更广泛的信息处理系统的背景下进行解释，这使得人们能够更深入地理解青春期大麻滥用所产生的行为影响。