Indexical and Semantic Cues

索引和语义线索

基本信息

批准号：
7120626
负责人：
ROBERT D HIENZ
金额：
$ 21.04万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-09-15 至 2007-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7120626
关键词：
animal communication behavior auditory discrimination auditory stimulus baboons behavior test behavioral /social science research tag clinical research cues gender difference human subject perception psychoacoustics psychophysics questionnaires semantics species difference speech verbal behavior

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research will investigate non-human primate vocal communication and it's possible biological and evolutionary relationships to human language. Laboratory studies will be conducted on how baboons recognize differences their own highly vowel-like "grunt" vocalizations, and the results contrasted with how humans perceive the same baboon vocalizations. The studies will focus on the perception of both natural and synthetic variants of the affiliative "grunt" calls of baboons, and will complement prior work on both vocal analyses and field studies of these same baboon grunt calls. One set of experiments will determine how baboons use the acoustic features of vowel-like grunt calls to recognize a vocalizer's sex, and to test for the relative importance of specific acoustic cues that are likely to be important in these discriminations. Experiments will examine, in both baboons and humans, the generalization of male/female grunt calls to new tokens, use synthetic grunts to test the relative importance of fundamental frequency (F0) and formant patterning in these discriminations, and measure discrimination thresholds for recognition of vocalizer sex. A second set of experiments will determine how baboons use the acoustic features of vowel-like grunt calls to recognize other individuals, and also test for the relative importance of specific acoustic cues (F0, formant spacing) that are likely to be important in these discriminations. A third set of experiments will determine how baboons categorize vowel-like grunts based on their functional significance (i.e., "move" versus "infant" grunts) in the face of acoustic variation related to the sex and individual identity of the vocalizer. Experiments will characterize discrimination and labeling functions for natural and synthetic "move" and "infant" grunts in both baboons and humans (as a control group) to determine whether these grunt types are perceived in a linguistic-like fashion. The proposed research will extend our knowledge of the acoustic communication abilities of baboons and their relationships to the evolution of human communication.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将调查非人类灵长类动物的声音交流及其与人类语言可能的生物和进化关系。实验室将研究狒狒如何识别它们自己高度元音的“咕噜”发声的差异，并将结果与人类如何感知相同的狒狒发声进行对比。这些研究将集中于对狒狒附属“咕噜”叫声的自然和合成变体的感知，并将补充先前对这些相同狒狒咕噜叫声的声音分析和实地研究的工作。一组实验将确定狒狒如何利用类似元音的咕噜声的声学特征来识别发声者的性别，并测试在这些区分中可能很重要的特定声学线索的相对重要性。实验将检查狒狒和人类中雄性/雌性咕噜声对新标记的泛化，使用合成咕噜声来测试基频（F0）和共振峰模式在这些歧视中的相对重要性，并测量识别阈值发声器性。第二组实验将确定狒狒如何利用类似元音的咕噜声的声学特征来识别其他个体，并测试特定声学线索（F0，共振峰间距）的相对重要性，这些线索在这些区分中可能很重要。第三组实验将确定狒狒在面对与发声者性别和个人身份相关的声学变化时如何根据功能意义（即“移动”与“婴儿”咕噜声）对类似元音的咕噜声进行分类。实验将描述狒狒和人类（作为对照组）自然和合成的“移动”和“婴儿”咕噜声的辨别和标记功能，以确定这些咕噜声类型是否以类似语言的方式被感知。拟议的研究将扩展我们对狒狒的声音交流能力及其与人类交流进化的关系的了解。