Indexical and Semantic Cues

索引和语义线索

• 批准号: 6924718
• 负责人: ROBERT D HIENZ
• 金额: $ 22.07万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-15 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6924718
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; auditory discrimination; auditory stimulus; baboons; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cues; gender difference; human subject; perception; psychoacoustics; psychophysics; questionnaires; semantics; species difference; speech; verbal behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research will investigate non-human primate vocal communication and it's possible biological and evolutionary relationships to human language. Laboratory studies will be conducted on how baboons recognize differences their own highly vowel-like "grunt" vocalizations, and the results contrasted with how humans perceive the same baboon vocalizations. The studies will focus on the perception of both natural and synthetic variants of the affiliative "grunt" calls of baboons, and will complement prior work on both vocal analyses and field studies of these same baboon grunt calls. One set of experiments will determine how baboons use the acoustic features of vowel-like grunt calls to recognize a vocalizer's sex, and to test for the relative importance of specific acoustic cues that are likely to be important in these discriminations. Experiments will examine, in both baboons and humans, the generalization of male/female grunt calls to new tokens, use synthetic grunts to test the relative importance of fundamental frequency (F0) and formant patterning in these discriminations, and measure discrimination thresholds for recognition of vocalizer sex. A second set of experiments will determine how baboons use the acoustic features of vowel-like grunt calls to recognize other individuals, and also test for the relative importance of specific acoustic cues (F0, formant spacing) that are likely to be important in these discriminations. A third set of experiments will determine how baboons categorize vowel-like grunts based on their functional significance (i.e., "move" versus "infant" grunts) in the face of acoustic variation related to the sex and individual identity of the vocalizer. Experiments will characterize discrimination and labeling functions for natural and synthetic "move" and "infant" grunts in both baboons and humans (as a control group) to determine whether these grunt types are perceived in a linguistic-like fashion. The proposed research will extend our knowledge of the acoustic communication abilities of baboons and their relationships to the evolution of human communication.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将调查非人类灵长类动物的声音交流，并可能与人类语言的生物学和进化关系。实验室研究将进行有关狒狒如何识别自己高度元音的“咕unt”发声的差异，结果与人类如何看待相同的狒狒发声形成鲜明对比。这些研究将集中于对狒狒的隶属性“咕unt”呼唤的自然和合成变体的感知，并将补充对这些狒狒咕unt呼叫的人声分析和现场研究的先前工作。一组实验将确定狒狒如何使用类似元音的咕unt声的声学特征来识别声明器的性别，并测试在这些歧视中可能很重要的特定声学提示的相对重要性。实验将在狒狒和人类中检查男性/女性咕unt声对新代币的概括，使用合成咕unt来测试这些歧视中基本频率（F0）和共振剂图案的相对重要性，并测量歧视阈值以识别发声器性别。第二组实验将决定狒狒如何使用类似元音的咕unt声的声学特征来识别其他个体，并测试在这些歧视中可能很重要的特定声学提示（F0，Fornant Spacing）的相对重要性。第三组实验将根据与声学家的性别和个体身份相关的声学变化，根据其功能意义（即“移动”与“婴儿”咕unt的功能意义（即“移动”与“婴儿”咕unt）分类。实验将表征狒狒和人类（作为对照组）的自然和合成“移动”和“动作”的歧视和标记功能，以确定这些咕unt声是否以语言样式感知。拟议的研究将扩展我们对狒狒的声学交流能力及其与人类交流的发展的了解。