Short-term cognitive change in adults from 18 to 80

18 岁至 80 岁成年人的短期认知变化

• 批准号: 7077652
• 负责人: TIMOTHY SALTHOUSE
• 金额: $ 43.37万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-15 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7077652
• 关键词: adult human (21+); age difference; aging; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cognition; cognition disorders; depression; gender difference; human subject; lifestyle; longitudinal human study; performance; personality; physical fitness; psychological tests; self concept; short term memory; statistics /biometry; training level

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research will investigate short-term longitudinal change in a broad variety of cognitive variables, with particular emphasis on adults under the age of 60. Although previous studies have found little or no cognitive change in longitudinal comparisons involving young and middle-aged adults, this research will employ two methodological innovations, variable retest intervals and measurement bursts at each occasion, that will allow age effects to be distinguished from retest effects, and will increase sensitivity in the detection of change by taking into account normal short-term variability in performance. Among the primary questions to be investigated are whether age-related cognitive change begins early in adulthood, whether the changes in different cognitive variables are independent of one another and equally so at different periods in adulthood, and the degree to which factors such as one's cognitive or physical lifestyle moderate the amount of age change in different cognitive abilities at various periods in adulthood. Over 700 adults between 18 and 89 years of age who completed the same battery of 13 cognitive tests in 2001, 2002, and 2003 will be invited to participate in the project, as will two new samples of 300 adults each. Most of the participants will be assessed with a measurement burst design of three sessions within a period of about two weeks in either the first or second year of the project, and again in the either the third, fourth, or fifth year of the project. Mixed effects models will be used to obtain estimates of the age and retest components of change for each participant, and these estimates will be examined in terms of their correlations with one another, and with various individual difference characteristics.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究将调查各种各样的认知变量的短期纵向变化，尤其强调了60岁以下的成年人。尽管在纵向比较中很少或没有认知的比较很少或没有认知的变化，而涉及年轻和中年成年人的纵向比较会允许两种方法的重新效果，并且在各种方法上效果既有范围的效果，又可以通过范围造成范围的范围。效果，并通过考虑正常的短期绩效变异性来提高对变化检测的敏感性。 在待研究的主要问题中，与年龄相关的认知变化是否在成年期开始开始，不同的认知变量的变化是否彼此独立，并且在成年期的不同时期同样如此，以及诸如某人的认知或身体生活的因素在各个时期的认知年龄变化的程度适度不同。在2001年，2002年和2003年，将有700多名18至89岁年龄段的成年人完成相同的13次认知测试，并邀请参加该项目，每个300名成人的新样本也将参加该项目。大多数参与者将在项目的第一年或第二年的大约两个星期内进行三个会议的测量爆发设计，并在项目的第三，第四或第五年再次进行评估。混合效应模型将用于获取每个参与者变化的年龄和重新测试成分的估计，并且将根据它们相互关联并具有各种个体差异特征来检查这些估计。