Optimized Conditioned Processing for Cochlear Implants

人工耳蜗的优化调节处理

• 批准号: 7035591
• 负责人: Jay T. Rubinstein
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-09 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7035591
• 关键词: clinical research; cochlear implants; conditioning; implant; noise; speech; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High levels of speech perception in quiet are currently available to a significant percentage of modern cochlear implant recipients. In a noisy background, however, particularly if that noise is competing speech, speech perception is dramatically impaired. One possible method for improving speech perception in noise is to improve the temporal representation of speech in discharge patterns of electrically stimulated auditory nerve fibers. This method would also be expected to improve the performance of bilateral implant recipients on tasks requiring brainstem analysis of interaural timing. Detailed biophysical models and animal studies have demonstrated that improved temporal representation can be accomplished through the use of "conditioning stimuli" - trains of unmodulated high-rate pulses that desynchronize activity of auditory neurons to competing signals. Use of this procedure has led to dramatically increased speech perception in quiet and/or noise in some subjects, but not in others. The goal of the proposed work is to optimize the presentation of both the speech signal and the conditioner so as to maximize speech perception in quiet and noise for unilateral implant recipients, as well as improve perception of temporally-based lateralization and binaural unmasking in bilateral implantees. Because temporal pitch mechanisms demand accurate place information if they are to be useful, and pitch is thought critical for speech discrimination in competing speech, filter-to-electrode mappings will be manipulated in conditioned speech processors to maximize performance on a test of spondees in steady-state noise, "babble noise", temporally modulated noise, as well as on HINT sentences in speech-shaped noise. The results will allow optimization of conditioned processors for unilateral and bilateral cochlear implant recipients. In those bilateral implant recipients who have interaural timing perception for electrical stimuli in the physiologic range, this work has the potential to provide significant additional binaural benefits from a clinical speech processor beyond those currently available via interaural amplitude differences. In unilateral implantees, this work has already demonstrated substantial benefit in a limited number of subjects; it is our goal to deliver these benefits to the broader population of implant recipients.

描述（由申请人提供）：当前，很大一部分现代人工耳蜗植入物接受者目前可以使用高水平的语音感知。然而，在嘈杂的背景下，特别是如果噪音是竞争性言语的话，语音感知会极大地损害。改善噪声中语音感知的一种可能方法是改善电刺激的听觉神经纤维排出模式中语音的时间表示。还可以预期，该方法将提高双侧植入物接受者的性能，以进行脑干间时机分析。详细的生物物理模型和动物研究表明，可以通过使用“调节刺激”来实现改善的时间表示，这是未调制的高速脉冲的列车，使听觉神经元对竞争信号的活性减弱。使用此程序导致某些受试者的安静和/或噪音的语音感知大大增加了，但在另一些受试者中却没有。拟议工作的目的是优化语音信号和护发素的呈现，以最大程度地提高单方面植入受体安静和噪音的语音感知，并提高对颞侧侧向化和双向植入物中的双耳透明的看法。由于时间倾斜机制需要准确的位置信息，如果它们有用，并且认为对于竞争性语音中的语音歧视至关重要，则将在条件语音处理器中操纵过滤器到电极映射，以在稳态噪音中最大程度地表现出在稳态噪音中的跨度测试，“ babble噪声”，“时间”调制的噪声，以及在语音形式形式上的噪声中。结果将允许优化单侧和双侧人工耳蜗植入受体的条件处理器。在那些对生理范围内对电刺激的时机感知的双边植入受体中，这项工作有可能从临床语音处理器中提供额外的双耳益处，而不是当前通过振幅差异提供的临床语音处理器。在单方面植入器中，这项工作已经在有限的受试者中证明了可观的好处。我们的目标是将这些收益带给更广泛的植入物接受者。