FASD in San Diego and Moscow (U01 Research Project)

圣地亚哥和莫斯科的 FASD（U01 研究项目）

• 批准号: 6946514
• 负责人: SARAH N MATTSON WELLER
• 金额: $ 37.95万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-30 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6946514
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; behavioral /social science research tag; biomedical facility; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; children; clinical research; cooperative study; culture; environment; fetal alcohol syndrome; human subject; intelligence; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; phenotype; psychometrics; teratogens

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current proposal is in response to RFA-AA-03-002 and is part of the consortium application, entitled "Cross-Cultural Assessment of FASD." This RFA calls for, in part, "research to better define and characterize the description of FASD" including identification of core deficits in this population. The current application meets this goal by proposing research aimed at identifying core neuropsychological and neuroanatomical features in children with fetal alcohol syndrome and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in two samples of children in two countries, the United States and Russia. Thirty years of research and practice have confirmed that (1) alcohol is a teratogen, (2) the brain is the organ most sensitive to alcohol's effects, and (3) the effects are of a continuous nature. Questions that remain pertain to whether a profile of core deficits and strengths exists, what this profile tells us about the underlying function of the brain, and whether effects can be accounted for by other environmental circumstances like living environment or general intellectual functioning. The current proposal includes both neuropsychological and brain imaging studies and is aimed at characterizing an FASD phenotype. Importantly, two distinct populations will be assessed, children in San Diego, California, and children in Moscow, Russia. The inclusion of these two populations will allow us to answer important questions relating to the role of environment, culture, and general intellectual functioning in the phenotype of FASD. Children in Moscow will primarily be ascertained from boarding schools and orphanages that house children with subnormal intellectual functioning. We have previously determined the rates of FAS in this population are very high. Children in San Diego will be ascertained from ongoing studies of FASD at the SDSU Center for Behavioral Teratology. Thus, we have the unique opportunity to examine the relationship between FASD, IQ, and living environment in large groups of children. In addition to the unique aspects mentioned above, the current application dovetails with other applications in the consortium, allowing large groups of children with FASD to be examined in several international sites using consistent measures. The opportunity for convergence of data from these multiple sites provides tremendous power to test specific hypotheses regarding the phenotype of FASD.

描述（由申请人提供）：当前的提案是对RFA-AA-03-002的响应，是财团申请的一部分，标题为“ FASD的跨文化评估”。该RFA要求在某种程度上要求“更好地定义和描述FASD的描述”，包括识别该人群中的核心缺陷。当前的申请通过提出旨在识别胎儿酒精综合征和胎儿酒精谱障碍儿童（FASD）的核心神经心理学和神经解剖学特征的研究来符合这一目标。 30年的研究和实践已经证实（1）酒精是致畸的，（2）大脑对酒精的影响最敏感，并且（3）作用具有连续的性质。与是否存在核心缺陷和优势的概况有关的问题，此个人资料告诉我们有关大脑潜在功能的信息，以及是否可以通过其他环境环境（例如生活环境或一般智力功能）来解释效果。当前的建议包括神经心理学和脑成像研究，旨在表征FASD表型。重要的是，将评估两个不同的人群，加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥的儿童以及俄罗斯莫斯科的儿童。包括这两个人群将使我们能够回答与FASD表型中环境，文化和一般智力功能有关的重要问题。莫斯科的儿童将主要从寄宿学校和孤儿院中确定，这些宿舍容纳智力下正常的儿童。我们以前已经确定了该人群中的FAS速率很高。圣地亚哥的儿童将从SDSU行为卫生学中心正在进行的FASD研究中确定。因此，我们有独特的机会来研究大量儿童的FASD，智商和生活环境之间的关系。 除了上述独特的方面外，当前的应用程序还与财团中的其他应用程序相吻合，从而使大批FASD儿童可以在几个国际地点使用一致的措施进行检查。来自这些多个站点的数据收敛的机会为检验有关FASD表型的特定假设提供了巨大的能力。