FAS: NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN

FAS：儿童神经心理学评估

• 批准号: 8363478
• 负责人: SARAH N MATTSON WELLER
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8363478
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alcohols; Area; Attention; Basal Ganglia; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cerebellar vermis structure; Cerebellum; Child; Cognitive; Cognitive deficits; Corpus Callosum; Fetal Alcohol Exposure; Funding; Grant; Learning; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Memory; Memory impairment; Mental deficiency; Modeling; Motor; National Center for Research Resources; Neuraxis; Principal Investigator; Process; Psychological Tests; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Secondary to; Source; Specificity; United States National Institutes of Health; Verbal Learning; Visuospatial; alcohol exposure; cognitive function; computational anatomy; cost; neuropsychological; offspring

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Prenatal alcohol exposure causes a wide range of physical and behavioral effects. The most serious of these is the effect such exposure has on the developing central nervous system and thus the cognitive abilities of the offspring. These deficits often impact the areas of attention, learning, and memory. In general, most assessments of children with FAS, or those who have been prenatally exposed to alcohol, have relied on traditional, fairly global, psychological tests. Recently, however, research has begun to focus on more specific neuropsychological and neuroanatomical measures of alcohol's teratogenicity. For example, deficits in verbal learning with relative sparing in retention of learned material was recently reported in children with FAS. In addition, alcohol-exposed children displayed specific deficits on one measure of visuospatial processing. However, the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on many of the specific areas of cognitive functioning are unclear. For example, although some evidence exists that spatial memory deficits occur in alcohol-exposed children, little is known about alcohol's teratogenic effect on the visuospatial domain. One aim of this proposal is to evaluate visuospatial functioning in children with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure, using a component-process approach to examine specific aspects of this domain of cognitive functioning. Secondly, recent studies involving magnetic resonance imaging of alcohol-exposed children indicate three brain areas that may be particularly affected. These areas are the basal ganglia, the corpus callosum, and the cerebellar vermis. Behavioral correlates of basal ganglia and corpus callosum abnormalities are currently being assessed but those associated with the cerebellum remain untested in alcohol-exposed children. A second aim of this proposal is to evaluate motor and attentional functioning, which are behaviors known to be associated with the cerebellum. Finally, the specificity of alcohol-related cognitive deficits has not yet been reported. Thus it is unclear whether these deficits are specific to alcohol exposure or are secondary to general cognitive deficits. To address this aim, in both components of this proposal, children with mental deficiency unrelated to prenatal alcohol exposure will be compared to alcohol-exposed children.

该副本是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供。对该子弹的主要支持 而且，副投影的主要研究员可能是其他来源提供的 包括其他NIH来源。 列出的总费用可能 代表subproject使用的中心基础架构的估计量， NCRR赠款不直接向子弹或副本人员提供的直接资金。 产前酒精暴露会引起广泛的身体和行为影响。其中最严重的是这种暴露对发展中枢神经系统的影响，因此对后代的认知能力。这些缺陷通常会影响关注，学习和记忆的领域。通常，大多数对FAS儿童或在产前暴露于酒精的儿童的评估都依赖传统的，相当全球化的心理检查。然而，最近，研究开始着重于酒精致死性的更具体的神经心理学和神经解剖学测量。例如，最近在FAS儿童中报道了言语学习的缺陷，并相对保留学习材料的缺陷。此外，暴露于酒精的儿童在一项视觉空间处理方面表现出了特定的缺陷。但是，尚不清楚产前酒精暴露对许多认知功能特定领域的影响。例如，尽管存在一些证据表明在酒精暴露的儿童中出现空间记忆缺陷，但对酒精对视觉空间域的致畸作用知之甚少。该提案的目的之一是使用组件过程方法来评估具有重度产前酒精病史的儿童的视觉空间功能，以检查该认知功能的该领域的特定方面。其次，最近涉及酒精暴露儿童的磁共振成像的研究表明，可能受到特别影响的三个大脑区域。这些区域是基底神经节，call体和小脑vermis。目前正在评估基底神经节和call体异常的行为相关性，但与小脑相关的人在酒精暴露的儿童中仍未受过测试。该提案的第二个目的是评估运动和注意力功能，这是已知与小脑相关的行为。最后，尚未报道与酒精相关的认知缺陷的特异性。因此，目前尚不清楚这些缺陷是特定于酒精暴露还是继发于一般认知缺陷的继发。为了解决这一目标，在该提案的两个组成部分中，与饮酒的儿童相比，患有与产前酒精暴露无关的精神缺乏症的儿童。