Neural Mechanisms of Motion Sensitivity in V1 and MT

V1 和 MT 运动敏感性的神经机制

• 批准号: 6943200
• 负责人: Luis Andres Lesmes
• 金额: $ 4.21万
• 依托单位: SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-16 至 2008-03-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6943200
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavioral /social science research tag; brain mapping; color visions; computational neuroscience; electrophysiology; eye movements; information display; magnetic resonance imaging; microelectrodes; motion perception; neurons; neurophysiology; photostimulus; postdoctoral investigator; psychophysics; visual cortex; visual perception

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A formal theory of motion systems, distinguishing the contributions of three independent motion mechanisms to human motion perception, is applied to neurophysiology. This framework is applied to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying sensitivity to drifting luminance, texture, and color in the visual cortices of awake, behaving primates. The elucidation of neural mechanisms, based on sensitivity measured to different motion stimuli, is made difficult by motion integration and stimulus distortions, factors obscuring basic properties of motion mechanisms, such as the motion computation's locus, algorithm and relationship to other mechanisms. The proposed work addresses these issues by (1) identifying and removing aberrant luminance motion signals from drifting texture and color, (2) identifying the motion algorithms, (motionenergy vs. feature-based), underlying neural sensitivity, and (3) distinguishing the contributions of motion computation and motion integration to neural sensitivity. Decomposing neural sensitivity to luminance, texture, and chromatic motion, using a framework developed to distinguish mechanisms of motion perception, may similarly distinguish mechanisms underlying neural motion sensitivity in primates.

描述（由申请人提供）：运动系统的正式理论，区分了三种独立运动机制对人类运动感知的贡献，应用于神经生理学。该框架用于研究清醒、行为灵长类动物视觉皮层对亮度、纹理和颜色漂移敏感的神经机制。基于对不同运动刺激测量的灵敏度来阐明神经机制，由于运动整合和刺激扭曲而变得困难，这些因素模糊了运动机制的基本属性，例如运动计算的轨迹、算法和与其他机制的关系。所提出的工作通过以下方式解决这些问题：（1）从漂移的纹理和颜色中识别和去除异常的亮度运动信号，（2）识别运动算法（运动能量与基于特征的），潜在的神经敏感性，以及（3）区分运动计算和运动整合对神经敏感性的贡献。使用为区分运动感知机制而开发的框架来分解神经对亮度、纹理和色度运动的敏感性，可以类似地区分灵长类动物神经运动敏感性的机制。