Processing AM signals in auditory system

在听觉系统中处理 AM 信号

• 批准号: 6820504
• 负责人: GARY J ROSE
• 金额: $ 27.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-02-01 至 2009-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6820504
• 关键词: Anura; animal communication behavior; auditory discrimination; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; data collection methodology /evaluation; electrodes; electrophysiology; inferior colliculus; loudness; neural information processing; neurons; neurophysiology; sound frequency; temporal lobe /cortex

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objectives of this research program are to understand how temporal patterns in communication sounds are represented and processed in the central auditory system. Much of the information in communication signals, including human language, resides in their temporal structure. An understanding of how the temporal structure of sounds is represented and processed in the nervous system, therefore, is vital to understanding the neural bases of communication and communicative disorders. The research will be conducted on the auditory system of anurans because the temporal structure of their vocalizations has been shown to be important in their reproductive biology and behavioral studies can be conducted to delineate their temporal processing abilities. Presently, little is known concerning the neural mechanisms of temporal processing in the auditory system. At a basic level, the temporal structure of sound consists of how its amplitude and frequency changes, i.e., is modulated, over time. The specific goals of this research project are to gain insight into how amplitude modulations are represented in the brain and the transformations in these representations. In a number of vertebrate species, including mammals, there is a transformation from a periodicity coding of the rate of amplitude modulation to an AM filter representation; most neurons in the midbrain respond best over a particular range of AM rate, i.e., are band-pass. The mechanisms underlying this transformation are poorly understood. Previous work showed that integration and recovery processes are important in generating AM filters. The specific experiments outlined in this research proposal are designed to test hypotheses concerning the mechanisms that underlie these integration and recovery processes. Other experiments will investigate whether relations exist between a neuron's selectivity to AM stimuli and its location and/or morphology.

描述（由申请人提供）：该研究计划的长期目标是了解如何在中央听觉系统中代表和处理通信声音中的时间模式。传播信号中的许多信息（包括人类语言）都属于其时间结构。因此，了解如何在神经系统中表示和处理声音的时间结构，对于理解沟通和沟通障碍的神经基础至关重要。该研究将在Anurans的听觉系统上进行，因为已经证明其发声的时间结构在其生殖生物学中很重要，并且可以进行行为研究以描绘其时间处理能力。 目前，关于听觉系统中时间处理的神经机制知之甚少。在基本层面上，声音的时间结构包括其幅度和频率如何变化，即随着时间的流逝。该研究项目的具体目标是了解大脑中幅度调制的方式以及这些表示形式的转换。在包括哺乳动物在内的许多脊椎动物物种中，从振幅调制速率的周期性编码到AM滤波器表示有一个转变。中脑中的大多数神经元在特定的AM速率范围内做出了最佳的反应，即带通路。这种转变为基础的机制知之甚少。先前的工作表明，集成和恢复过程对于生成AM过滤器很重要。本研究建议中概述的具体实验旨在检验有关这些整合和恢复过程基础的机制的假设。其他实验将研究神经元对AM刺激的选择性及其位置和/或形态之间是否存在关系。