TRANSDISCIPLINARY TOBACCO USE RESEARCH CENTER

跨学科烟草使用研究中心

• 批准号: 6522542
• 负责人: Carl Anderson Johnson
• 金额: $ 246.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-09-30 至 2004-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6522542
• 关键词: tobacco abuse

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Description) Four research projects are proposed, each to span the initial five years of center funding: The Preventing Tobacco Use Across Cultures, Project 1, will assess culturally-tuned approaches to tobacco smoking and ETS exposure prevention among the youth of different cultures in both pluralistic and monolithic cultural settings. The first trial, carried out in California and Hawaiian middle and high schools compares a social influences approach to prevention modified for five specific API and HL cultures (Chinese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Mexican, and Central American). The second tests the effectiveness of a modified Western prevention model for prevention of smoking and ETS exposure in a mono-cultural Chinese setting, that of Wuhan, China. Two large trials are made feasible by substantial cost- sharing from other sources. The transdisciplinary team consists of psychologists, an anthropologist, epidemiologists, biostatisticians, an educator, a demographer, a geographer, environmental and respiratory scientists, and public health researchers who collaborate in identifying populations, designing measures and intervention programs, and analyzing data. This project provides data for and interacts highly with Projects 2 and 3. Role of cultural values in adolescent smoking, Project 2, examines the role of culture, acculturation, and media in the six cultures studied in the TUPACT project. Building on the measures for the trials, Project 2 assesses specific features of culture and their variation both within and across cultures as they relate directly and interactively with smoking and ETS exposure. The transdisciplinary team consists of psychologists, anthropologists, epidemiologists, biostatisticians, and a geographer. Smoking progression among culturally diverse youth, Project 3, uses data from the longitudinal trials in Project 1 to assess features of pluralistic and monolithic cultures that influence progression to regular and addictive levels of smoking. Like Projects 1 and 2, the aims of this project require the collaboration of social scientists from several disciplines, environmental scientists, and geneticists. Projects 1, 2, and 3 are highly interactive in developing conceptual models for development and designing measures to test those models. And Project 1 and Project 2 inform later stages of interventions in Project 1. Countering Tobacco Advertising in Diverse Populations, Project 4, examines the separate and interactive effects of exposure to media advertising and counter-advertising on smoking and ETS exposure. This study uses our sequential statewide surveys of youth and adults to assess outcomes related to exposure to state and local tobacco control programs funded under California legislation, as well as exposure to tobacco marketing. Results from these surveys are used to develop interventions for specific ethnic groups, then test them in a longitudinal study. Gene environment interaction and childhood respiratory health, a related project funded entirely by the Division of Intramural Research at NIEHS, will be a part of this center as allowed in the program announcement. This project interacts with Project 1 in the collection of buccal cell samples for genetic determinations and air exposures for Wuhan youth, and provides measures for respiratory and other health outcomes for Project 1. In the future this project will interact with Project 3, Pilot Project 2, and the gene-environment team to assess relationships among genetic, personality, and tobacco use variables in the Wuhan cohort. Two pilot studies are proposed. One explores the availability and use of social resources (social networks, social support systems, etc.) by Hispanic/Latino youth as they relate to tobacco use uptake and progression. The other hypothesizes that emotion and drive will affect smoking differently in very different cultures, that culture (Chinese and Persian) moderates the relationship between depression, anxiety and novelty seeking on the one hand and cigarette smoking on the other.

描述：（申请人的描述）提出了四个研究项目，每个研究项目都涵盖了最初的五年中心资金：预防跨文化的烟草使用，项目1，将评估在多元文化和单层文化环境中不同文化的青年中，对烟草吸烟和预防烟草吸烟和预防ETS暴露的方法。在加利福尼亚和夏威夷中学和高中进行的第一次试验比较了针对五种特定API和HL文化（​​中国，菲律宾，夏威夷，墨西哥，墨西哥和中美洲）修改的社会影响方法。第二次测试了修改的西方预防模型在中国武汉（Wuhan）的单元文化环境中预防吸烟和ETS暴露的有效性。通过其他来源的大量成本共享，进行了两个大型试验。跨学科团队由心理学家，人类学家，流行病学家，生物阶级主义者，教育家，人口统计学家，地理学家，环境和呼吸科学家以及公共卫生研究人员组成，他们合作识别人群，设计措施和干预计划以及分析数据。该项目提供了数据2和3的数据，并高度相互作用。文化价值在青少年吸烟中的作用，项目2，研究文化，适应和媒体在Tupact项目中研究的六种文化中的作用。在基于试验的措施的基础上，项目2评估了文化的特定特征及其在培养物内部和跨文化的变化，它们与吸烟和ETS暴露直接相关。跨学科团队由心理学家，人类学家，流行病学家，生物统计学家和地理学家组成。在文化多样化的青年中，项目3中的吸烟进展使用项目1中的纵向试验的数据来评估多元化和整体培养的特征，这些培养会影响到定期和成瘾性吸烟水平的发展。像项目1和2一样，该项目的目的需要来自几个学科，环境科学家和遗传学家的社会科学家的合作。项目1、2和3在开发开发和设计措施测试这些模型的概念模型方面具有高度互动性。项目1和项目2在项目1中的干预措施中告知了后来的干预阶段。在不同人群中反烟草广告，项目4，研究了暴露于媒体广告和反广告吸烟和ETS暴露的单独互动效果。这项研究使用我们对青年和成年人的序性调查来评估与加利福尼亚州立法资助的州和地方烟草控制计划相关的结果，以及接触烟草营销。这些调查的结果用于开发特定种族的干预措施，然后在纵向研究中对其进行测试。基因环境互动和儿童期呼吸健康是一个完全由NIEHS壁内研究部门资助的相关项目，将在该计划公告中允许成为该中心的一部分。 This project interacts with Project 1 in the collection of buccal cell samples for genetic determinations and air exposures for Wuhan youth, and provides measures for respiratory and other health outcomes for Project 1. In the future this project will interact with Project 3, Pilot Project 2, and the gene-environment team to assess relationships among genetic, personality, and tobacco use variables in the Wuhan cohort.提出了两项​​试点研究。一个人探索了西班牙裔/拉丁美洲裔青年与烟草用光吸收和进步有关的社会资源（社交网络，社会支持系统等）的可用性和利用。另一个假设，情感和动力会影响截然不同的文化中吸烟的影响，这种文化（中文和波斯语）一方面寻求抑郁，焦虑和新颖性与另一方面吸烟之间的关系。