STRUCTURE ORGANIZATION OF MEMORY IN THE PRIMATE BRAIN

灵长类大脑中的记忆结构组织

• 批准号: 6705002
• 负责人: PETER R RAPP
• 金额: $ 26.76万
• 依托单位: ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-02-01 至 2006-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6705002
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; behavior test; brain injury; confocal scanning microscopy; cues; experimental brain lesion; hippocampus; histology; learning; memory; neural information processing; neural plasticity; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; temporal lobe /cortex

Normal memory depends on a system of anatomically related structures in the medial temporal lobe that includes the hippocampal formation and perirhinal cortex. Damage to these structures causes profound impairment in the ability to establish a reliable record of the events and episodes that comprise our lives. The specific information processing functions that enable episodic memory are poorly understood, however, and there is no consensus on how the hippocampus and related brain regions contribute this capacity. The perspective developed in the present application is that advances in neurological research and cognitive psychology converge on a valuable strategy for defining the brain organization of memory in primates. In one set of experiments, intact monkeys and animals with selective ibotenic acid lesions of the hippocampus (the dentate gyrus, hippocampus proper, and subiculum) will be tested across a battery of assessments designed to manipulate demands on candidate operating characteristics of episodic memory: l) the temporal organization of memory, 2) memory for context, 3) "autobiographical" memory, and 4) the relational organization of memory. Although a variety of tasks are proposed, the underlying strategy involves a novel approach to cognitive assessment that uses carefully designed probe tests to go beyond standard accuracy measures, illuminating the representational structure of normal an disordered memory. By this design the overall aim is to define the information processing functions of the primate hippocampus that enable episodic memory. A second set of experiments targets a closely related goal. One perspective on the organization of the medial temporal lobe is that the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex operate as a functional unit, subserving overlapping and redundant processing capacities in support of memory. Other evidence suggests a different conclusion, that the structures comprising this system are functionally specialized. These alternatives will be evaluated in the proposed project by comparing the cognitive effects of damage to the hippocampus with selective aspiration lesions of the perirhinal cortex (Areas 35 and 36). Using the same extensive battery of assessments across investigations, the overall goal is to test the hypothesis that the hippocampus and perirhinal cortex mediate qualitatively distinct mnemonic processing functions. Taken together, the results will substantially illuminate the structure and organization of memory in the primate brain and, ultimately, fuel progress in research on a variety of clinical conditions in which the medial temporal lobe an memory are prominently affected.

正常的记忆取决于内侧颞叶中的解剖相关结构系统，其中包括海马形成和周围皮层。对这些结构的损害会导致建立可靠的事件和情节记录的能力严重损害，包括我们的生活。然而，对实现情节记忆的特定信息处理函数的理解很少，并且关于海马和相关的大脑区域如何贡献了这一能力，尚无共识。本应用程序中发展的观点是，神经学研究和认知心理学的进步融合了定义灵长类动物记忆的大脑组织的宝贵策略。在一组实验中，具有选择性的依靠尼布替酸病变的完整猴子和动物（齿状回，齿状，适当的海马和亚果）将经过一系列评估的测试，旨在操纵对候选的记忆的候选时间和4）的记忆，3）记忆。尽管提出了各种任务，但基本策略涉及一种新颖的认知评估方法，该方法使用精心设计的探针测试超越了标准精度度量，从而阐明了正常的无序记忆的代表性结构。通过这种设计，总体目的是定义灵长类动物海马的信息处理功能，以实现情节记忆。第二组实验的目标是密切相关的目标。关于内侧颞叶组织组织的一个观点是，海马和周围皮层作为功能单元运行，并在支持内存的重叠和冗余处理能力方面实现。其他证据表明，一个不同的结论是，包含该系统的结构在功能上是专门的。这些替代方案将在拟议的项目中评估，通过将海马损伤与周围皮质的选择性抽吸病变进行比较（35和36区域）。在整个研究中，使用相同的大量评估，总体目标是检验以下假设：海马和周围皮层介导质量不同的助记符处理功能。综上所述，结果将基本上阐明灵长类动物大脑中记忆的结构和组织，并最终在各种临床条件下进行研究中的燃料进展，其中内侧颞叶和记忆受到重大影响。