HIV & STD Risks in Tele Aviv

艾滋病病毒

• 批准号: 6656049
• 负责人: Jonathan M Zenilman
• 金额: $ 8.11万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6656049
• 关键词: Commonwealth of Independent States; Israel; Jewish; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; disease /disorder proneness /risk; human immunodeficiency virus; human subject; interview; prostitution; racial /ethnic difference; sex behavior; sex education; sexually transmitted diseases

HIV prevalence and incidence in Israel is low and has been characterized by two transmission patterns, by homosexual and IDU transmission among native Israeli men, and by a heterosexually transmitted epidemic among Ethiopian Jews who immigrated in the 1990s. In the past 3 years, bacterial STD rates have increased substantially. These increases, coupled with development of a large transactional sex work industry, and the current Middle East conflict, and the current Middle East conflict have the potential to alter this pattern. There are currently an estimated 3,000 such transactional workers in Israel, with the majority located in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area, of whom an estimated 80% are illegal immigrants, predominantly area from the former Soviet Union. Clients are a mix of native Israelis and foreign workers. An initial STD/HIV prevalence study in 300 workers found high rates of STDs, but only 0.3% were HIV positive, and the Ministry of Health is opening a dedicated clinical in downtown Tel Aviv. HIV could be easily introduced and disseminated into the Tel Aviv population, but with the current low HIV seroprevalence aggressive interventions could be highly effective. In this I R03 project, we propose pilot formative and survey research in this population in Tel Aviv. We will perform 60 in depth ethnographic interviews in key informants and workers recruited from street outreach, from the clinic and from other venues. This will inform the development of a survey instrument, which will be used to interview 240 workers from each venue. Our specific aims are: 1) To assess HIV/STD knowledge, awareness, and behaviors of workers; 2). To characterize the client mix 3) To examine how the legal status of these individuals, many of whom are illegal residents, impacts their access t health care and information, civil rights, safety, and working conditions; 4) To examine how social unrest and the Israel-Palestinian conflict impacts the transmission of HIV and STDs (e.g., through changes in migration patterns, disruptions in the provision of health education or services; 5) explore the feasibility of developing a cohort for longitudinal study. Interviews will be conducted in Russian or Hebrew, transcribed and analyzed using standard qualitative techniques. Data from this project will be used to evaluate efficacy of a new clinic, and to develop behavioral and/or structural interventions focused on HIV prevention.

以色列的艾滋病毒患病率和发病率很低，并以两种传播模式为特征，以以色列人中的同性恋和IDU传播以及1990年代移民的埃塞俄比亚犹太人的异性传播流行。在过去的三年中，细菌性病率大大提高。这些增加，再加上大型交易性工作行业的发展以及当前的中东冲突以及当前的中东冲突有可能改变这种模式。目前，以色列估计有3,000名这样的交易工人，其中大多数位于特拉维夫都会区，其中估计有8​​0％是非法移民，主要来自前苏联。客户是以色列人和外国工人的混合。一项在300名工人中进行的最初的性病/HIV患病率研究发现了性病率很高，但HIV呈阳性0.3％，卫生部正在特拉维夫市中心开设专门的临床临床。艾滋病毒很容易被引入并传播到特拉维夫人群中，但是由于当前的艾滋病毒低血清阳性侵略性干预措施可能是非常有效的。在这个I R03项目中，我们在特拉维夫的这一人群中提出了飞行员形成和调查研究。我们将对从街头外展，诊所和其他场所招募的主要线人和工人进行60次人种学访谈。这将为调查工具的开发提供信息，该工具将用于采访每个场所的240名工人。我们的具体目的是：1）评估工人的艾滋病毒/性病知识，意识和行为； 2）。为了表征客户组合3）检查这些人的法律地位如何，其中许多是非法居民，会影响其访问卫生保健和信息，公民权利，安全和工作条件； 4）研究社会动荡和以色列 - 巴勒斯坦冲突如何影响艾滋病毒和性病的传播（例如，通过移民模式的变化，提供健康教育或服务的破坏； 5）探索纵向研究的同伴的可行性。访谈将在俄罗斯或希伯来语进行，使用标准定性技术进行转录和分析。该项目的数据将用于评估新诊所的功效，并开发针对预防HIV的行为和/或结构干预措施。