Cognitive & behavioral consequences of focal brain lesions

认知的

• 批准号: 6597651
• 负责人: Steven W Anderson
• 金额: $ 11.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2003-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6597651
• 关键词: academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); behavior disorders; behavioral /social science research tag; brain injury; brain mapping; child (0-11); clinical research; cognition; developmental neurobiology; emotions; human subject; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; outcomes research; patient /disease registry; quality of life; social behavior disorders; social psychology

Little is known regarding the effects of damage to specific regions of the human brain when this damage occurs early in life, although there is reason to believe that certain impairments of cognition and behavior are a consequence of early-onset brain damage. The NINDS has identified as high research priorities the gathering of more precise descriptions of behavior patterns and developmental disorders, and the achievement of greater understanding of the neural basis of cognition, emotion, and their interaction. Lesion method studies of individuals who have sustained early-onset focal brain damage are an important means to fulfill such priorities, and during the current funding period we have conducted pilot studies of adults with early-onset focal brain damage and marked cognitive and behavioral impairments. Conditions causing focal brain damage in childhood are not common, but a sufficient number of patients is now available for systematic studies. Here we propose to establish a registry of patients with damage to circumscribed brain regions acquired during development, namely during the perinatal period, infancy, childhood, or adolescence, and to perform hypothesis-driven studies of these individuals using: (1) precise description of brain lesions using MRI with 3-D reconstruction, (2) comprehensive characterization of cognition and behavior with standardized, age-appropriate neuropsychological measures, (3) standardized indices of functional outcome (academic achievement, employment, quality of life, and family burden), and (4) experimental measures of cognition and behavior, with a focus on emotion, moral reasoning and social competence Delineation of relationships between damage to specific neural systems early in life and the short- and long-term consequences for cognition and behavior should provide fundamental information which will be relevant to the understanding of human development, and permit better evaluation and treatment of treatment of neurobehavioral disorders with onset in childhood.

尽管有理由相信某些认知和行为障碍是早发性脑损伤的结果，但人们对生命早期发生的大脑特定区域损伤的影响知之甚少。 NINDS 已将收集对行为模式和发育障碍的更精确描述以及更好地理解认知、情感及其相互作用的神经基础确定为高度研究重点。对患有早发性局灶性脑损伤的个体进行损伤方法研究是实现这些优先事项的重要手段，在当前的资助期内，我们对患有早发性局灶性脑损伤和明显认知和行为障碍的成年人进行了试点研究。引起儿童局灶性脑损伤的疾病并不常见，但现在有足够数量的患者可用于系统研究。在这里，我们建议建立一个在发育过程中（即围产期、婴儿期、儿童期或青春期）受到限制性大脑区域损伤的患者登记册，并对这些个体进行假设驱动的研究，使用：（1）精确描述使用 MRI 和 3-D 重建来评估脑部病变，(2) 通过标准化、适合年龄的神经心理学测量来全面表征认知和行为，(3) 功能结果的标准化指数（学业成绩、就业、生活质量和家庭） (4) 认知和行为的实验测量，重点是情感、道德推理和社会能力 描述生命早期特定神经系统的损伤与认知和行为的短期和长期后果之间的关系应提供与理解人类发展相关的基本信息，并允许更好地评估和治疗儿童期发病的神经行为障碍。