The British Exile: Memory and Trauma in the Works of Spanish Writers Exiled in Great Britain after the Spanish Civil War

英国流亡者：西班牙内战后流亡英国的西班牙作家作品中的记忆和创伤

• 批准号: 2238634
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2019 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-2238634
• 关键词: British; Exile; Memory; Trauma; Works

Due to its complex nature, the Spanish exile has not received the necessary attention yet. Moreover, censorship and the difficulties of publishing abroad, among other reasons, have denied exile literature the opportunity of becoming part of the literary canon. Furthermore, besides challenging the canon and displaying new perspectives about historical events which are crucial for the Spanish collective identity, Spanish exiles' literary works are relevant in the context of transnational studies as hybrid creations which belong to two cultures. Therefore, exile literature stands in an undefined space between politics, history and literature, which facilitates the understanding of the complexities of a people's history. Besides its problematic nature as a genre, testimonial writing presents similar issues. Despite not receiving numerous Spanish refugees, Britain attracted Spanish intellectuals who benefited from a relatively privileged position in exile (although the cultural difference and Spain's devastation still generated a profound sense of alienation). These conditions, different from those found in France (where refugees faced extreme difficulties) or in Latin America (where they were too far distant to know about their country), led to the creation of testimonies which offered different perspectives on the causes of the war and attempted to reconstruct the memory of exile. Moreover, as their authors worked on their literary dimension, these testimonies also constitute pieces of art. The works studied will be Arturo Barea's trilogy La forja de un Rebelde (1941 - 1944), Esteban Salazar's Perico en Londres (1947) and En aquella Valencia (1995), Jose Antonio Balbontin's La Espana de mi experiencia (1952) and Mis impresiones de Inglaterra (2014) and Salvador de Madariaga's Memorias de un federalista (1967) and Memorias (1921 - 1936). Amanecer sin mediodia (1974). These are the only well-known authors of published testimonies whose exile occurred entirely in Britain. Moreover, despite their diverse backgrounds and ideologies, they had similar exile experiences which resulted in similarly oriented testimonies. Theories of exile and memory will frame this analysis. Ugarte (1989) conceives testimonies as the result of the exiles' existential need of recovering their loss, and exile as a phenomenon where language is seen as more effective for social change than political action. Similarly, Soler-Sasera (2006) describes testimonies as a moral debt against collective oblivion and as an exercise in remembering those who were voiceless. Said's (2000) ideas on exiles' contrapuntal vision brought about by traumatic experiences and the awareness of foreign perspectives will elucidate the influence of their British exile. Furthermore, following Assmann's (2008) concept of 'cultural memory' as a 'form of collective memory in the sense that it is shared by a number of people and that it conveys to these people a collective, that is, cultural, identity', this project will study how these testimonies enabled the recuperation of exiles' identity while constructing cultural memory.

由于其复杂的性质，西班牙流放尚未受到必要的关注。此外，审查制度和国外出版的困难，除其他原因外，还否认流放文学是成为文学经典一部分的机会。此外，除了挑战经典和展示有关西班牙集体身份至关重要的历史事件的新观点外，西班牙流亡的文学作品在跨国研究的背景下是属于两种文化的杂种创造的背景。因此，流放文学在政治，历史和文学之间存在不确定的空间，这有助于理解人民历史的复杂性。除了作为一种流派的问题性质外，推荐书也提出了类似的问题。尽管没有收到众多西班牙难民，但英国吸引了西班牙知识分子，他们从流放中的特权地位受益（尽管文化差异和西班牙的破坏仍然产生了深刻的疏远感）。这些条件与在法国（难民面临极端困难的地方）或拉丁美洲（他们太遥远而无法了解自己的国家）不同的条件，导致创造了证词，这些证词对战争的原因提供了不同的观点，并试图重建流亡者的记忆。此外，由于他们的作者致力于文学维度，这些证词也构成了艺术品。所研究的作品将是Arturo Barea的三部曲La Forja de Un Repelde（1941-1944），Esteban Salazar的Perico En Londres（1947）和En Aquella Valencia（1995），Jose Antonio Balbontin的La Espana de Mi Experience（1952）和MADORIAS（1952）和MADORIAS（2014年）（2014年）联合国联邦（1967）和备忘录（1921-1936）。 Amanecer Sin Mediodia（1974）。这些是出版证词的唯一知名作者，其流放完全在英国出现。此外，尽管它们具有不同的背景和意识形态，但它们具有相似的流放经历，导致了类似的证词。流放和内存的理论将构架此分析。 Ugarte（1989）构思了证词，这是由于流亡者的存在需要恢复损失的结果，并流放是一种现象，在这种现象中，人们认为语言对社会变革比政治行动更有效。同样，Soler-Sasera（2006）将证词描述为反对集体遗忘的道德债务，也是记住那些无声的人的一种练习。 Said（2000）关于流亡者的反对愿景的想法以及外国观点的意识带来的，将阐明其英国流放的影响。此外，遵循Assmann（2008）的“文化记忆”作为“集体记忆的一种形式”的概念，从某种意义上说，它是由许多人共享的，并且它向这些人传达了一个集体，即文化，身份”，该项目将如何研究这些证词如何使流亡者的身份重新构建文化记忆，同时构建流亡者的身份。