EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ARSENIC

砷的流行病学

• 批准号: 6666422
• 负责人: MARGARET Rita KARAGAS
• 金额: $ 16.33万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-04-01 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6666422
• 关键词: arsenic; biomarker; bladder neoplasm; cancer risk; chemical carcinogen; chemical carcinogenesis; clinical research; environmental contamination; environmental exposure; environmental toxicology; genetic susceptibility; hazardous substances; human subject; neoplasm /cancer epidemiology; selenium; skin neoplasms; toxicant interaction; urinalysis; water pollution; water sampling /testing; water supply

Overall objectives of the proposed study are to quantify carcinogenesis risks due to arsenic exposure at levels commonly found in the US. This research project shares the goals of the program of the program project of furthering our understanding of the environmental and health effects of arsenic has been identified as a potent skin carcinogen in highly exposed in rural regions of the northeastern US. Arsenic has been identified as a potent skin carcinogen in highly exposed human populations, but it is uncertain whether these effects occur at low levels. We propose to extend our epidemiological case-control study of bladder and skin of bladder and skin cancers in a US population: (1) to further resolve the dose-response relationship between low to moderate levels of arsenic exposure and risk of bladder cancer, (2) to test the hypothesis that arsenic is related specifically to intraepidermal carcinomas (including Bowen's disease) and multiple concomitant basal cell carcinomas (BCC) of the skin, and (3) to identify subgroups of individuals who may be at high risk of arsenic-associated cancers due to co-carcinogen exposure (e.g., low selenium). We will expand our investigations of individual biomarkers of arsenic exposure by testing the reliability of existing measures (drinking water, urine, and toenails) and exploring new molecular-genetic markers (i.e., based on cDNA arrays). New Hampshire is ideally suited to study the effects of low-dose arsenic exposure since it is one of the few regions of the country with a population-based surveillance system for non- melanoma skin cancer and over 20% of the private wells in the region contain levels of arsenic suspected of being carcinogenic. New Hampshire has unusually high bladder cancer mortality rates which are as yet unexplained, and there is accumulating evidence that these malignancies may result from arsenic ingestion. Thus, our study provides a unique opportunity to obtain results directly applicable to the US population and to help identify those at greater risk for arsenic-induced malignancies.

拟议的研究的总体目标是量化由于美国常见水平的砷暴露而导致的致癌风险。该研究项目共享了计划项目计划的目标，即在美国东北部的农村地区高度暴露的情况下，我们对砷的环境和健康影响的理解已被确定为有效的皮肤致癌。 在高度暴露的人类种群中，砷已被确定为有效的皮肤致癌物，但不确定这些影响是否在低水平上发生。 We propose to extend our epidemiological case-control study of bladder and skin of bladder and skin cancers in a US population: (1) to further resolve the dose-response relationship between low to moderate levels of arsenic exposure and risk of bladder cancer, (2) to test the hypothesis that arsenic is related specifically to intraepidermal carcinomas (including Bowen's disease) and multiple concomitant basal皮肤的细胞癌（BCC）和（3）鉴定由于联霉菌素暴露（例如，低硒）而导致的可能面积与砷相关癌症的个体的亚组。我们将通过测试现有措施（饮用水，尿液和脚趾甲）的可靠性并探索新的分子遗传学标记物（即基于cDNA阵列）来扩展对砷暴露的个别生物标志物的研究。新罕布什尔州非常适合研究低剂量砷暴露的影响，因为它是该国少数几个针对非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的基于人群的监视系统的区域之一，该地区的20％以上的私人井包含砷含量的水平。新罕布什尔州的膀胱癌死亡率异常高，但尚未解释，并且有积极的证据表明这些恶性肿瘤可能是砷摄入的。因此，我们的研究提供了一个独特的机会，可以获得直接适用于美国人口的结果，并帮助确定砷引起的恶性肿瘤风险更大的人。