Organization of Extrastriate Visual Cortex

外纹视觉皮层的组织

• 批准号: 6541505
• 负责人: Helen A. Sherk
• 金额: $ 25.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6541505
• 关键词: behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; binocular vision; biological signal transduction; cats; chordate locomotion; electrodes; electrophysiology; experimental brain lesion; laboratory rat; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurons; orientation; psychomotor function; retinal adaptation; single cell analysis; videotape /videodisc; visual cortex; visual feedback; visual fields; visual pathways; visual perception; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Vision plays an essential role during normal locomotion. Visual guidance is of particular clinical importance in elderly people, among whom decreased visual function is a major contributing factor to falls that often result in serious injury. The present proposal has two aims. The first is to explore the neural mechanisms underlying visual guidance during locomotion. The second is to investigate how visual information is transmitted to the motor system to guide locomotion. Cats are better suited than monkeys for this project because it is both feasible to record from single neurons in locomoting cats, and to do behavioral studies on unrestrained cats. Moreover, the areas of visual cortex most directly involved in visual guidance are similar in cats and monkeys.To explore how neurons in visual cortex analyze and transmit information during locomotion, electrodes will be placed in two key visual cortical areas. Responses will be recorded while cats walk down a long test alley, and the cat's gaze will also be monitored. We will correlate responses with several factors: the presence or absence of small objects cluttering the alley floor, the gaze behavior of the cat, and the direction selectivity of the neurons under study.To investigate the link between visual and motor systems during locomotion, the relay from visual cortex to cerebellum will be reversibly blocked in cats that are walking down a test alley. When the alley is cluttered, cats rely on vision to accurately place their feet. The hypothesis is that interruption of transmission of visual cortical information to cerebellum will cause a substantial increase in visually-guided stepping errors.

描述（由申请人提供）：视觉在正常运动中起着至关重要的作用。视觉引导在老年人中特别重要，其中降低视觉功能是导致跌倒的主要因素，通常会导致严重伤害。本提案有两个目标。首先是探索运动过程中视觉引导的基础神经机制。第二个是研究如何将视觉信息传输到电机系统以引导运动。猫比猴子更适合这个项目，因为在猫的猫中记录单个神经元的记录既可以是可行的，又可以对不受约束的猫进行行为研究。此外，在猫和猴子中，最直接参与视觉引导的视觉皮层区域是相似的。要探索在运动期间，视觉皮层中的神经元如何分析和传输信息，将将电极放置在两个关键的视觉皮质区域。当猫走长时间的测试小巷时，将记录回答，并且还将监视猫的目光。我们将与几个因素相关联：小物体的存在或不存在使小巷地板混乱，猫的凝视行为以及所研究的神经元的方向选择性。要研究机动过程中的视觉和运动系统之间的联系，从视觉皮层到小脑的接力将在猫中被挡在测试小舞台上。当小巷混乱时，猫会依靠视力来准确地放下脚。假设是，视觉皮质信息向小脑传播的中断将导致视觉引导的踏脚误差大幅增加。