Rapid assessments of Cyclone Yasi's impact on nearshore coral reefs and resultant sediment records of the event.

快速评估气旋亚斯对近岸珊瑚礁的影响以及由此产生的沉积物记录。

• 批准号: NE/J005398/1
• 负责人: Christopher Perry
• 金额: $ 6.48万
• 依托单位: Manchester Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FJ005398%2F1
• 关键词: Rapid; assessments; Cyclone; Yasi; impact

Cyclones and hurricanes exert a major influence on the structure and ecology of shallow water coral reefs. This occurs through the physical destruction of corals (especially branching coral species), with the resultant rubble being a major source of detrital reef framework carbonate. Ecologically, these high magnitude physical disturbance events also exert a profound influence on benthic habitat composition and diversity, and drive the remobilisation and distribution of reef-derived sediments - transporting such materials either shorewards into lagoons or onto beaches, or flushing sediment offshore into deeper water. Many future climate models predict an increasing frequency and intensity of such tropical storms, and thus data on the physical and ecological resilience of shallow water coral reefs is of significant scientific and management interest.Various studies have examined the impact of such physical disturbance events on coral reefs, in many cases basing their findings only on post-impact assessments. In only a few cases have high quality pre- and post-impact data been available, and in most cases this has only been sufficient to consider the (albeit critically important) ecological transitions. It is extremely rare to have the opportunity to undertake multi-proxy assessments of physical disturbance events that can draw on pre-impact data covering not only the reef ecology, but also geomorphology (structure, elevation), contemporary sedimentology, and the late Holocene history of reef development (as preserved in core records). To be able to do this at a range of sites both immediately proximal to a cyclone track and at more distal sites, represents an unprecedented opportunity, especially where data is available from a range of nearshore to offshore depositional settings.Here we have such an opportunity, and one that will allow us to undertake multi-proxy assessments (geomorphical, ecological and sedimentological) of the changes induced by an especially high magnitude recent cyclone. The event in question, Severe Tropical Cyclone Yasi, was a Category 5 cyclone (the highest category on a scale of 1-5) that made landfall on the Queensland coast of Australia, in the vicinity of Mission Beach and Tully, on 3rd Feb 2011. The eye of the storm was ~35 km wide, with a front stretching across ~650 km. Evidence from instrumentation that survived the event shows a central pressure of around 929hPa, with winds gusting up to 285 km/h, and with storm surge heights reaching at least 5 m. Yasi was thus one of the most powerful cyclones to have affected Queensland since records commenced. Previous cyclones of a comparable measured intensity include Cyclone Mahina (1899) in Princess Charlotte Bay ~350 km to the north, and the 1918 cyclones at Mackay and Innisfail.Specifically, we are in a position, having undertaken detailed studies of the structure and ecology of a wide range of reefs in the immediate vicinity of the storm track and its landfall point, to be able to undertake a rapid post-impact assessment, and to compare this data with that collected (between 2006-2009) at the same sites. We are submitting this as an Urgency application because of the need to undertake such post-impact studies as soon as logistically possible. This is of critical importance in marine environments to ensure that as much of the evidence (both ecological and geomorphological) of the event is preserved. We are planning to undertake this study in August 2011, giving a 6 month lead in from this application (this is probably as soon as logistically possible given the need for the review process and subsequent travel planning). The timing will be such, so as to coincide with one of the winter low spring tide periods when site access is far easier. Based on existing post-storm recovery trajectories in other tropical regions we would anticipate such evidence being well preserved within the 6 month lead in time we are working to.

气旋和飓风对浅水珊瑚礁的结构和生态产生了重大影响。这是通过珊瑚的物理破坏（尤其是分支的珊瑚种类）发生的，导致的瓦砾是碎屑礁石框架碳酸盐的主要来源。从生态上讲，这些高度的身体干扰事件也对底栖栖息地组成和多样性产生了深远的影响，并推动了珊瑚礁来源的沉积物的重新启动和分布 - 将这些材料运输到泻湖或海滩上，或将沉积物运送到海滩上，或者将沉积物从远处泛化。许多未来的气候模型预测了这种热带风暴的频率和强度的增加，因此有关浅水珊瑚礁的物理和生态弹性的数据具有很大的科学兴趣和管理兴趣。各种研究研究了此类身体障碍事件对珊瑚礁的影响，在许多情况下，仅在后影响后的评估中基于他们的发现。在少数情况下，可以使用高质量的前后数据，在大多数情况下，这仅足以考虑（尽管至关重要）的生态过渡。有机会对身体障碍事件进行多核评估，这是极为罕见的，这些事件可以利用不仅涵盖珊瑚礁生态学的影响前数据，还可以涵盖地貌学（结构，高度），当代沉积学和晚期全新世的珊瑚礁发展史（如核心记录中所保留的）。 To be able to do this at a range of sites both immediately proximal to a cyclone track and at more distal sites, represents an unprecedented opportunity, especially where data is available from a range of nearshore to offshore depositional settings.Here we have such an opportunity, and one that will allow us to undertake multi-proxy assessments (geomorphical, ecological and sedimentological) of the changes induced by an especially high magnitude recent旋风。有问题的事件是严重的热带气旋Yasi，是一个5级旋风（1-5级的最高类别），在2011年2月3日在Mission Beach和Tully附近登陆了澳大利亚昆士兰州海岸的登陆。风暴的眼睛宽35公里，前面是〜650 km 〜650 km的前部。在事件中幸存下来的仪器的证据表明，中央压力约为929hpa，阵风高达285 km/h，风暴潮高的高度至少达到5 m。因此，自记录开始以来，Yasi是影响昆士兰州的最强大的旋风之一。以前具有可比较的强度的气旋包括夏洛特公主湾公主中的气旋Mahina（1899），北部约350公里，以及Mackay and Innisfail的1918年旋风，特别是，我们处于一个位置，在详细的范围内进行了详细的研究，以详细的范围进行了一定的范围，以至于一定的范围内的一定范围的范围，以至于一定的范围是一定范围的范围，以至于一定的范围是一定的范围。评估，并将这些数据与在同一站点的收集（2006-2009之间）进行比较。我们将其作为紧迫性申请提交，因为有必要尽快进行这种影响后的研究。这在海洋环境中至关重要，以确保保留事件的许多证据（生态和地貌）。我们计划在2011年8月进行这项研究，从该申请中获得6个月的领先（鉴于需要进行审查过程和随后的旅行计划，这可能是在逻辑上尽可能的）。时机将是这样的，以便与冬季低春季潮汐时期之一相吻合，而现场访问要容易得多。基于其他热带地区的现有后恢复轨迹，我们预计在我们正在努力的6个月领先期内，此类证据将得到充分保存。

项目成果

Impacts of Cyclone Yasi on nearshore reefs of the GBR

气旋“雅斯”对大堡礁近岸珊瑚礁的影响

• 作者: Christopher Perry (Author)