Towards controlling antimicrobial resistance in global aquatic animal food systems by enhancing collective resilience (AMFORA)

通过增强集体复原力来控制全球水生动物食品系统中的抗菌素耐药性 (AMFORA)

• 批准号: MR/R015104/1
• 负责人: Javier Guitian
• 金额: $ 10.2万
• 依托单位: Royal Veterinary College
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MR%2FR015104%2F1
• 关键词: Towards; controlling; antimicrobial; resistance; global

Aquatic animals such as fish and shellfish are an increasingly important source of protein for the growing world population. In 2014 the contribution of aquaculture to supply food for human consumption overtook that for wild-caught fish for the first time. Fish diseases are still considered to be a major constraint to aquaculture globally and it has been estimated that 10% of all farmed aquatic animals are lost because of infectious diseases alone, amounting to >10 billion USD in losses annually on a global scale. Farmed fish are often kept in intensive systems where antibiotics are heavily used. Effective vaccines exist for use in Atlantic salmon aquaculture and the use of antibiotics has been reduced by over 99%. In comparison, although many other species (e.g. carp and tilapia) are well established cultured species, there are few vaccines available, and antibiotics are still heavily used. Aquatic animals are increasingly traded worldwide, partly due to growing awareness for balanced diets and healthy eating in high-income countries and as a vital source of quality animal protein in low and middle income countries (LMIC). This creates opportunities and supports livelihoods in countries such as Bangladesh, Egypt and Vietnam, that together contribute to 9% of the global aquaculture production. Despite the importance of antibiotic use in aquaculture and the size of the global trade, the contribution of aquaculture to the burden of consumer exposure to antibiotic resistance genes is currently not being addressed. Reasons why this issue is currently not been tackled include; i) the complexity of global food systems that involve different actors (producers, suppliers, intermediaries) spanning different countries across the world, ii) the lack of knowledge of the so called "drivers" of resistance in aquatic systems (i.e. the influences, e.g. through animal husbandry and farm management, that result in the emergence of resistance in bacteria) and, iii) the fragmented responsibilities in global food systems. However, it is important that antibiotic resistance in aquaculture is addressed as a global issue, because hazards emerging in producer countries will have public impact on consumers elsewhere through global trade and travel. Also, opportunities to learn from progress made in European fish farming remain underexploited. To address this complex challenge we need innovative research strategies that combine different disciplines and approach the system as a whole rather than its individual components in isolation. Our plan for the full proposal stage is to apply research methods that allow us to integrate societal, legal, governance and economic drivers in addition to biological risk, creating new approaches to better describe, analyse and assess the resilience of a global food system. In the first phase of the project, two workshops will be conducted to develop the model framework and plan the activities for the second phase. These workshops together with a review of published studies, reports and interviews with key stakeholders will allow us to map the different components of the system, the drivers, responsibilities and governance and to identify knowledge gaps for the main project. Our focus will be on selected fish species farmed in Bangladesh, Vietnam and Egypt, all of which are traded internationally. In the full-stage proposal, intervention strategies to reduce antibiotic use will be developed and implemented and their impact assessed using novel approaches. Our aspiration is that this project increases risk awareness for consumers, enhances surveillance and develops a novel set of indicators of system resilience in the context of antibiotic resistance.

鱼类和贝类等水生动物是不断增长的世界人口越来越重要的蛋白质来源。 2014年，水产养殖提供食物以供人类消费的食物的贡献超过了野生鱼类的第一次。鱼类疾病仍然被认为是全球水产养殖的主要限制，据估计，仅由于感染性疾病，所有养殖水生动物中有10％丢失，每年在全球范围内每年造成的损失均超过100亿美元。养殖鱼通常被保存在大量使用抗生素的密集型系统中。有效的疫苗用于大西洋鲑鱼水产养殖，使用抗生素已降低了99％以上。相比之下，尽管许多其他物种（例如鲤鱼和罗非鱼）是建立良好的培养物种，但很少有疫苗可用，而且抗生素仍被大量使用。水生动物在全球范围内越来越多，部分是由于对高收入国家的均衡饮食和健康饮食的认识越来越高，并且是低收入国家（LMIC）的重要动物蛋白质的重要​​来源。这在孟加拉国，埃及和越南等国家创造了机会并支持生计，这些国家共同占全球水产养殖产量的9％。尽管使用抗生素在水产养殖和全球贸易规模中的重要性，但水产养殖对消费者对抗生素耐药性基因的负担的贡献目前尚未解决。目前未解决此问题的原因包括； i) the complexity of global food systems that involve different actors (producers, suppliers, intermediaries) spanning different countries across the world, ii) the lack of knowledge of the so called "drivers" of resistance in aquatic systems (i.e. the influences, e.g. through animal husbandry and farm management, that result in the emergence of resistance in bacteria) and, iii) the fragmented responsibilities in global food systems.但是，重要的是要将水产养殖中的抗生素耐药性作为一个全球问题，因为生产国出现的危害将通过全球贸易和旅行对其他地方的消费者产生公众影响。此外，从欧洲养殖养殖中取得的进步中学习的机会仍然没有被淘汰。为了应对这一复杂的挑战，我们需要创新的研究策略，这些研究策略结合了不同的学科并将整个系统与整个系统相对，而不是孤立的个人组成部分。我们针对完整提案阶段的计划是应用研究方法，除了生物学风险外，还可以使我们整合社会，法律，治理和经济驱动因素，从而创建新的方法来更好地描述，分析和评估全球粮食系统的弹性。在项目的第一阶段，将进行两个研讨会，以开发模型框架并计划第二阶段的活动。这些研讨会以及对主要利益相关者的已发表研究，报告和访谈的审查将使我们能够绘制系统的不同组成部分，驱动程序，职责和治理，并确定主要项目的知识差距。我们的重点将放在孟加拉国，越南和埃及种植的选定鱼类，所有这些物种都是在国际上进行交易的。在全阶段提案中，将开发和实施减少抗生素使用的干预策略，并使用新颖的方法评估其影响。我们的愿望是，该项目提高了消费者的风险意识，增强监视并在抗生素抗性的背景下发展了一组新型的系统弹性指标。

项目成果

AMFORA: Applying a One Health systems modelling approach to formulate strategies for mitigating the risk to human health of antibiotic resistance (ABR) in Aquaculture

AMFORA：应用单一健康系统建模方法制定策略，减轻水产养殖中抗生素耐药性 (ABR) 对人类健康的风险

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Brunton, L.A.

Identifying hotspots for antibiotic resistance emergence and selection, and elucidating pathways to human exposure: Application of a systems-thinking approach to aquaculture systems

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.134
• 发表时间: 2019-10-15
• 期刊: SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Brunton, Lucy A.;Desbois, Andrew P.;Guitian, Javier
• 通讯作者: Guitian, Javier

Systems-thinking approach to identify and assess feasibility of potential interventions to reduce antibiotic use in tilapia farming in Egypt.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736735
• 发表时间: 2021-07-15
• 期刊: Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
• 作者: Desbois AP;Garza M;Eltholth M;Hegazy YM;Mateus A;Adams A;Little DC;Høg E;Mohan CV;Ali SE;Brunton LA
• 通讯作者: Brunton LA

AMFORA: Applying a One Health systems modelling approach to formulate strategies for mitigating the risk to human health of ABR in aquaculture

AMFORA：应用 One Health 系统建模方法制定策略，减轻水产养殖中 ABR 对人类健康的风险

• 发表时间: 2019
• 作者: Brunton, L. A.