NEURAL DEVELOPMENT--INTERCELLULAR AND HUMORAL CONTROL

神经发育——细胞间和体液控制

• 批准号: 3100343
• 负责人: JOHN G HILDEBRAND
• 金额: $ 55.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1995-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3100343
• 关键词: Lepidoptera; developmental neurobiology; ecdysone; hormone regulation /control mechanism; neuroendocrine system

The three participating research groups share a common interest in understanding the postembryonic development of neurons, the neural systems in which they function, and the muscles they control. Growing collaboration among these groups over the past three years and increasing mutual focus on the mechanisms that control the developmental plasticity of nerve and muscle cells have led to the emergence of this new Program Project. Among the research areas represented by these laboratories are: the roles and mechanisms of short-distance and contact-mediated intercellular influences in neural development; hormonally regulated, postembryonic differentiation and respecification of sensory and motor neurons and interneurons; ultrastructural and physiological aspects of synapse formation in developing neural systems; correlation and coordination of cellular, physiological, and neurochemical events in neurogenesis; the role of glial cells in the development of organized neuropil in the central nervous system; and developmental, physiological, anatomical, and molecular studies of olfactory, visual, mechanosensory, and motor systems. The participants propose to mount multidisciplinary, highly collaborative investigations of mechanisms underlying hormonal and trans- cellular regulation of the survival and development of nerve cells and muscles during postembryonic life. The five component projects in this program project probe for cellular and physiological mechanisms of: (1) influences of primary-sensory neurons, glial cells, and development- regulating hormones and neurotransmitters ont he development of arborizations and voltage- and ligand-gated membrane ion channels in olfactory interneurons in primary cell culture; (2) steroid-hormonal regulation of development of identified motor neurons in primary cell culture; (3) influences of steroid hormones on cellular, neurochemical, and systemic characteristics of the first-order olfactory center in the brain. All of the proposed studies are based on the use of non-vertebrate model systems that are economical, readily available, and experimentally tractable. Because they have been extensively studied by many investigators, including the participants in this program project, the insect preparations to be used in the proposed studies are especially well understood and favorable for these project, the insect preparations to be used in the proposed studies are especially well understood and favorable for these experiments. Taking advantage of this background, the component projects focus on neurons and glial cells that are identifiable as individuals or as specific functional types from animal. The basic mechanisms of development have been conserved during evolution. We expect, therefore, that information obtained in these projects about neural and muscular development in insects will illuminate related phenomena in other animals including human beings.

三个参与研究小组在 了解神经元的胚胎后发育，神经系统 它们发挥作用，以及他们控制的肌肉。 生长 在过去三年中，这些小组之间的协作并增加 相互关注控制的机制 神经和肌肉细胞导致了这个新程序的出现 项目。 这些实验室代表的研究领域包括： 短途和接触介导的作用和机制 细胞间影响神经发育；荷尔蒙调节， 胚后分化和感觉和电机的解释 神经元和中间神经元；超微结构和生理方面 发展神经系统的突触形成；相关性和 细胞，生理和神经化学事件的协调 神经发生；神经胶质细胞在有组织的发展中的作用 中枢神经系统中的Neuropil；以及发展，生理， 嗅觉，视觉，机械感觉和分子研究的解剖学和分子研究 电机系统。 参与者建议安装多学科，高度 对激素和反式的机制的合作研究 细胞调节神经细胞的生存和发育以及 胚胎后生活中的肌肉。 这五个组件项目 程序项目探针有关：（1）的细胞和生理机制 原发性神经元，神经胶质细胞和发育的影响 - 调节激素和神经递质的发展 树木植物，电压和配体门控膜离子通道 原代细胞培养中的嗅觉中间神经元； （2）类固醇激素 调节原代细胞中鉴定的运动神经元的发育 文化; （3）类固醇激素对细胞，神经化学和 大脑中一阶嗅觉中心的全身特征。 所有提出的研究均基于非魔力模型的使用 经济，易于使用且实验的系统 可处理。 因为它们已经被许多人广泛研究 调查人员，包括该计划项目的参与者， 在拟议的研究中使用的昆虫制剂特别好 理解并有利于这些项目，昆虫的准备工作是 在拟议的研究中使用的是特别理解和有利的 对于这些实验。 利用此背景，组件 项目专注于神经元和神经胶质细胞，这些细胞可识别为 个体或动物的特定功能类型。 基本 发展机制在进化过程中得到了保存。 我们期望 因此，在这些项目中获得的有关神经和 昆虫的肌肉发育将照亮其他现象 包括人类在内的动物。