Structured electrodes for improved energy storage

用于改善能量存储的结构化电极

基本信息

批准号：
EP/P005411/1
负责人：
Patrick Grant
金额：
$ 88.37万
依托单位：
University of Oxford
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FP005411%2F1
关键词：
Structured electrodes improved energy storage

项目摘要

The development of Li ion batteries (LiBs) has progressed through the evolution of improved electrochemically active electrode materials and has provided steady improvements in performance. Every LiB battery comprises two electrodes (anode and cathode), each made up of three materials: the electrochemically active material, a binder (typically a polymer) and an electrical conductivity enhancer (typically carbon black). The relative fractions of these three materials, blended together with a fugitive liquid into a slurry, plus the final electrode porosity that allows the liquid electrolyte to flood into the electrode, are optimized based on exhaustive electrochemical testing. Commercial tools are available to help guide this optimisation but are useful only for the most conventional types of electrode. As new manufacturing approaches that allow for more controlled arrangements of the materials to form "structured electrodes" are invented and the resulting devices show better performance, there arises an exciting opportunity to identify, from the uncountable number of possible 2D and 3D spatial arrangements of the electrode materials, those which offer significant improvements in device performance in particular applications. However, to achieve this optimisation through current empirical approaches is impossibly slow and expensive.This proposal will develop a suite of modelling tools bridging micro to macro lengths-scales to guide the optimization of the spatial distribution of electrode structure to advance the performance, lifetime and introduction of next generation energy storage devices. This design optimization is especially critical where LiB and other systems are pushed to their limits e.g. high power (rapid charge/discharge) applications for EVs, or where ion mobility is otherwise restricted, such as inherently safe but low ionic mobility solid-state batteries. Insights generated will include the optimal spatial arrangements (in three dimensions) of porosity, particle size, binder, porosity for different materials, device formats and applications, how they could be manufactured, and how their properties vary with time in operation. The novelty of our methodology is: (1) a new approach to describe the dynamics of ion movement in energy storage electrodes efficiently that allows the models to be used in optimisation even when significantly more degrees of freedom are available, and (2) the use of a new manufacturing capability for large scale structured electrodes for model validation. By linking models, design optimisation, manufacture and performance measurements the programme will deliver material-independent and generic tools for optimisation of any Li ion, Na ion, supercapacitor or other electrode-based device, within the context of strong industrial guidance and engagement.

利离子电池（LIB）的开发通过改进的电化学活性电极材料的发展，并提供了稳定的性能改善。每个Lib电池都包含两个电极（阳极和阴极），每条电极由三种材料组成：电化学活性材料，粘合剂（通常为聚合物）和一个电导率增强剂（通常是碳黑色）。这三种材料的相对分数将逃亡液混合到浆液中，再加上允许液体电解质泛滥到电极的最终电极孔隙度，根据详尽的电化学测试进行了优化。商业工具可用于指导此优化，但仅对最常规的电极类型有用。随着新的制造方法可以使材料的更具控制的布置形成“结构性电极”，并且所得的设备显示出更好的性能，因此，从电极材料的不可数量的2D和3D空间布置中，出现了一个令人兴奋的机会，这些空间排列在设备方面具有显着改进的电极材料。但是，通过当前的经验方法来实现这种优化，这是不可能的缓慢且昂贵的。该提案将开发一套建模工具，将微型长度与宏观长度划定，以指导电极结构的空间分布的优化，以提高性能，寿命，终生和下一代储能设备的引入。当将LIB和其他系统推向其极限时，这种设计优化尤其至关重要。电动汽车的高功率（快速充电/放电）应用，或其他受离子迁移率的限制，例如固有的安全但低离子的移动性固态电池。生成的见解将包括孔隙度，粒径，粘合剂，不同材料的孔隙率，设备格式和应用的最佳空间布置（三个维度），它们的制造方式以及它们的性能如何随着时间的运行而变化。我们方法的新颖性是：（1）一种新的方法来有效地描述能源储能电极中离子运动的动力学，即使可以使用更大的自由度，也可以将模型用于优化，以及（2）用于模型验证的大型结构电极的新制造能力。通过链接模型，设计优化，制造和性能测量，该程序将在强大的工业指导和参与度的背景下提供与材料无关和通用工具，以优化任何Li iro，Na Ion，SuperCapacitor或其他基于电极的设备。