Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle for Recovering Industrial Waste Heat

用于回收工业废热的动态有机朗肯循环

• 批准号: EP/N005228/1
• 负责人: Zhibin Yu
• 金额: $ 12.55万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN005228%2F1
• 关键词: Dynamic; Organic; Rankine; Cycle; Recovering

The UK has set a target to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% by 2050, relative to 1990 levels. To achieve this target, a reduction in energy consumption of around 40% will be required, and therefore significant improvements in energy efficiency are necessary. Energy recovery from industrial waste heat sources is considered to offer a significant contribution to improving overall energy efficiency in the energy-intensive industrial sectors. In the UK, a report recently published by the Department of Energy & Climate Change (DECC) identified 48 TWh/yr of industrial waste heat sources, equivalent to around one sixth of UK industrial energy consumption. Although waste heat recovery is broadly welcomed by industry, there is a lack of implementation of waste heat recovery systems in UK industrial sectors due to a number of barriers, the most important being poor efficiency. The forecast for global waste heat recovery systems market value is growth to 53 billion US Dollar by 2018, with a compound annual growth rate of 6.5% from 2013 to 2018. Needless to say, there is a huge national and global market for innovative waste heat recovery technologies. Although there are several alternative technologies (at different stages of development) for waste heat recovery, such as heat exchanger, heat pump, Stirling engine and Kalina Cycle power plant, the Organic Rankine Cycle system remains the most promising in practice. Large Organic Rankine Cycle systems are commercially viable for high-temperature applications, however, their application to low-temperature waste heat (<250 Degree C) is in its infancy. Yet more than 60% of UK industrial waste heat sources are in the low temperature band (<250 Degree C). There is clearly a mismatch between Organic Rankine Cycle technology supply and demand, so innovative research and development are highly in demand. This First Grant Scheme project, in response to the challenge of industrial waste heat recovery identified by DECC, aims to develop an innovative Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system that uses a binary zeotropic mixture as the working fluid and has mechanisms in place to adjust the mixture composition dynamically during operation to match the changing heat sink temperatures, and therefore the resultant system can achieve significant higher annual average efficiencies. The preliminary research shows that a Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle system can potentially generate over 10% more electricity from low temperature waste heat sources than a traditional one annually. The research will firstly develop a novel Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle concept by integrating a composition adjusting mechanism into an Organic Rankine Cycle system, so that the mixture composition can be adjusted during the operation of the power plant. A steady-state numerical model will be developed to simulate and demonstrate the working principle and benefits of such a Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle system. A dynamic numerical model will then be developed to simulate and optimise the control strategy of mixture composition adjustment. Finally, a prototype of such Dynamic Organic Cycle system will be designed and constructed. The Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle concept and the two numerical models will be validated through a comprehensive experimental research. The Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle power plants developed through this project can be widely applied to energy intensive industrial sectors such as the iron and steel industry, ceramic manufacturers, cement factories, food industrial, etc. As such power plants can achieve a much higher efficiency; the payback period can be significantly reduced, which would make energy recovery from industrial waste heat sources more profitable. The wide installation of such waste recovery power plants will ultimately reduce the energy demand of these industrial sectors, and therefore improve our energy security.

英国设定了到 2050 年将温室气体排放量相对 1990 年水平至少减少 80% 的目标。为了实现这一目标，需要减少40%左右的能源消耗，因此需要大幅提高能源效率。工业废热源的能量回收被认为对提高能源密集型工业部门的整体能源效率做出了重大贡献。在英国，能源与气候变化部 (DECC) 最近发布的一份报告指出，工业废热源为 48 太瓦时/年，相当于英国工业能源消耗的六分之一左右。尽管余热回收受到工业界的广泛欢迎，但由于许多障碍，其中最重要的是效率低下，英国工业部门缺乏实施余热回收系统。预计到 2018 年，全球余热回收系统市场价值将增长至 530 亿美元，2013 年至 2018 年复合年增长率为 6.5%。 不用说，创新余热回收系统在国内和全球都有巨大的市场回收技术。尽管有多种余热回收替代技术（处于不同的开发阶段），例如热交换器、热泵、斯特林发动机和卡里纳循环发电厂，但有机朗肯循环系统在实践中仍然是最有前途的。大型有机朗肯循环系统在高温应用方面具有商业可行性，但其在低温废热（<250 摄氏度）方面的应用尚处于起步阶段。然而，超过 60% 的英国工业废热源处于低温带（<250 摄氏度）。有机朗肯循环技术的供需之间显然存在不匹配，因此非常需要创新的研究和开发。该首期赠款计划项目旨在应对 DECC 确定的工业余热回收挑战，旨在开发一种创新的动态有机朗肯循环 (ORC) 系统，该系统使用二元非共沸混合物作为工作流体，并具有适当的调节机制在运行过程中动态调整混合物成分以匹配不断变化的散热器温度，因此所得系统可以实现显着更高的年平均效率。初步研究表明，动态有机朗肯循环系统每年可比传统系统利用低温废热源多发电 10% 以上。该研究将首先开发一种新颖的动态有机朗肯循环概念，将成分调节机制集成到有机朗肯循环系统中，以便在发电厂运行期间调节混合物成分。将开发一个稳态数值模型来模拟和演示这种动态有机朗肯循环系统的工作原理和优点。然后将开发动态数值模型来模拟和优化混合物成分调整的控制策略。最后，将设计并构建这种动态有机循环系统的原型。动态有机朗肯循环概念和两个数值模型将通过全面的实验研究得到验证。通过该项目开发的动态有机朗肯循环发电厂可广泛应用于钢铁工业、陶瓷制造、水泥厂、食品工业等能源密集型工业部门，因此此类发电厂可以实现更高的效率；投资回收期可以显着缩短，这将使从工业废热源回收能源更有利可图。此类废物回收发电厂的广泛安装最终将减少这些工业部门的能源需求，从而提高我们的能源安全。

项目成果

Experimental Investigation of a Small-Scale ORC Power Plant Using a Positive Displacement Expander with and without a Regenerator

• DOI: 10.3390/en12081452
• 发表时间: 2019-04
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: P. Collings;Andrew Mckeown;E. Wang;Zhibin Yu

A COMBINED ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE-HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC HOT WATER APPLICATION

一种用于生活热水应用的有机朗肯循环热泵组合系统

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Collings P.

Combined ORC-HP thermodynamic cycles for DC cooling and waste heat recovery for central heating

用于直流冷却的组合 ORC-HP 热力循环和用于中央供暖的废热回收

• DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.471
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Energy Procedia
• 作者: Jawad Al-Tameemi M

Organic rankine cycle with positive displacement expander and variable working fluid composition

• 发表时间: 2016-07
• 作者: P. Collings;Zhibin Yu

Numerical Analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle with Adjustable Working Fluid Composition, a Volumetric Expander and a Recuperator

• DOI: 10.3390/en10040440
• 发表时间: 2017-03
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: P. Collings;Zhibin Yu