Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle for Recovering Industrial Waste Heat

用于回收工业废热的动态有机朗肯循环

• 批准号: EP/N005228/1
• 负责人: Zhibin Yu
• 金额: $ 12.55万
• 依托单位: University of Glasgow
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2016 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FN005228%2F1
• 关键词: Dynamic; Organic; Rankine; Cycle; Recovering

The UK has set a target to cut its greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80% by 2050, relative to 1990 levels. To achieve this target, a reduction in energy consumption of around 40% will be required, and therefore significant improvements in energy efficiency are necessary. Energy recovery from industrial waste heat sources is considered to offer a significant contribution to improving overall energy efficiency in the energy-intensive industrial sectors. In the UK, a report recently published by the Department of Energy & Climate Change (DECC) identified 48 TWh/yr of industrial waste heat sources, equivalent to around one sixth of UK industrial energy consumption. Although waste heat recovery is broadly welcomed by industry, there is a lack of implementation of waste heat recovery systems in UK industrial sectors due to a number of barriers, the most important being poor efficiency. The forecast for global waste heat recovery systems market value is growth to 53 billion US Dollar by 2018, with a compound annual growth rate of 6.5% from 2013 to 2018. Needless to say, there is a huge national and global market for innovative waste heat recovery technologies. Although there are several alternative technologies (at different stages of development) for waste heat recovery, such as heat exchanger, heat pump, Stirling engine and Kalina Cycle power plant, the Organic Rankine Cycle system remains the most promising in practice. Large Organic Rankine Cycle systems are commercially viable for high-temperature applications, however, their application to low-temperature waste heat (<250 Degree C) is in its infancy. Yet more than 60% of UK industrial waste heat sources are in the low temperature band (<250 Degree C). There is clearly a mismatch between Organic Rankine Cycle technology supply and demand, so innovative research and development are highly in demand. This First Grant Scheme project, in response to the challenge of industrial waste heat recovery identified by DECC, aims to develop an innovative Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system that uses a binary zeotropic mixture as the working fluid and has mechanisms in place to adjust the mixture composition dynamically during operation to match the changing heat sink temperatures, and therefore the resultant system can achieve significant higher annual average efficiencies. The preliminary research shows that a Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle system can potentially generate over 10% more electricity from low temperature waste heat sources than a traditional one annually. The research will firstly develop a novel Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle concept by integrating a composition adjusting mechanism into an Organic Rankine Cycle system, so that the mixture composition can be adjusted during the operation of the power plant. A steady-state numerical model will be developed to simulate and demonstrate the working principle and benefits of such a Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle system. A dynamic numerical model will then be developed to simulate and optimise the control strategy of mixture composition adjustment. Finally, a prototype of such Dynamic Organic Cycle system will be designed and constructed. The Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle concept and the two numerical models will be validated through a comprehensive experimental research. The Dynamic Organic Rankine Cycle power plants developed through this project can be widely applied to energy intensive industrial sectors such as the iron and steel industry, ceramic manufacturers, cement factories, food industrial, etc. As such power plants can achieve a much higher efficiency; the payback period can be significantly reduced, which would make energy recovery from industrial waste heat sources more profitable. The wide installation of such waste recovery power plants will ultimately reduce the energy demand of these industrial sectors, and therefore improve our energy security.

相对于1990年的水平，英国设定了一个目标，将其温室气体排放量减少至少80％。为了实现这一目标，将需要减少约40％的能源消耗，因此必须显着提高能源效率。从工业废物热源中恢复能量可以为提高能源密集型工业部门的总体能源效率做出重大贡献。在英国，能源与气候变化部（DECC）最近发表的一份报告确定了48个TWH/年的工业废物热源，相当于英国工业能源消费量的六点。尽管工业广泛欢迎废热恢复，但由于许多障碍，在英国工业部门缺乏废热系统的实施，最重要的是效率较差。到2018年，全球废物恢复系统的市场价值的预测是增长到530亿美元，从2013年到2018年，年增长率为6.5％。不用说，有一个巨大的国家和全球创新废物恢复技术市场。尽管有几种替代技术（在不同的开发阶段）用于废热恢复，例如热交换器，热泵，斯特林发动机和卡利纳自行车发电厂，但有机兰金自行车系统在实践中仍然是最有希望的。大型有机兰金循环系统对于高温应用在商业上可行，但是，它们在低温废热（<250摄氏度）中的应用仍处于起步阶段。然而，超过60％的英国工业废物热源在低温带中（C <250摄氏度）。显然，有机兰金循环技术供应和需求之间存在不匹配，因此创新的研究和开发需求量很高。为了应对DECC确定的工业废物恢复挑战的挑战，旨在开发一种创新的动态有机有机兰丁周期（ORC）系统，该系统使用二元二元循环混合物作为工作流体，并具有在运行过程中动态调整混合物的机制，以使其在操作过程中进行动态组成，以匹配更高的散热器系统，从而达到较高的散热器系统，并可以达到均等的平均水平。初步研究表明，与每年传统的有机有机兰金循环系统相比，动态的有机兰金循环系统可能会从低温废热源中产生超过10％的电力。该研究将首先通过将组成的调整机制整合到有机兰金循环系统中，从而开发出一种新型的动态有机兰金循环概念，从而可以在发电厂的运行过程中调整混合物组合物。将开发一个稳态数值模型，以模拟和证明这种动态有机兰金循环系统的工作原理和好处。然后将开发动态数值模型，以模拟和优化混合组成调整的控制策略。最后，将设计和构建这种动态有机周期系统的原型。动态的有机兰金循环概念和两个数值模型将通过全面的实验研究来验证。通过该项目开发的动态有机兰金自行车发电厂可以广泛应用于能源密集型工业领域，例如铁和钢铁工业，陶瓷制造商，水泥厂，食品工业工业等。因为这样的发电厂可以实现更高的效率；投资回收期可以大大减少，这将使工业废物热源的能源回收更加有利可图。这种废物回收发电厂的广泛安装最终将减少这些工业部门的能源需求，从而提高我们的能源安全。

项目成果

Experimental Investigation of a Small-Scale ORC Power Plant Using a Positive Displacement Expander with and without a Regenerator

• DOI: 10.3390/en12081452
• 发表时间: 2019-04
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: P. Collings;Andrew Mckeown;E. Wang;Zhibin Yu

A COMBINED ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE-HEAT PUMP SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC HOT WATER APPLICATION

一种用于生活热水应用的有机朗肯循环热泵组合系统

• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Collings P.

Organic rankine cycle with positive displacement expander and variable working fluid composition

• 发表时间: 2016-07
• 作者: P. Collings;Zhibin Yu

Combined ORC-HP thermodynamic cycles for DC cooling and waste heat recovery for central heating

用于直流冷却的组合 ORC-HP 热力循环和用于中央供暖的废热回收

• DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.471
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Energy Procedia
• 作者: Jawad Al-Tameemi M

Numerical Analysis of an Organic Rankine Cycle with Adjustable Working Fluid Composition, a Volumetric Expander and a Recuperator

• DOI: 10.3390/en10040440
• 发表时间: 2017-03
• 期刊: Energies
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: P. Collings;Zhibin Yu