PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS AND AVERSIVELY-MOTIVATED BEHAVIOR

精神活性药物和厌恶动机的行为

基本信息

批准号：
3440838
负责人：
Joseph Mark Galizio
金额：
$ 4.8万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA GREENSBORO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1987-09-01 至 1990-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Techniques to study the actions of drugs on behavior maintained by negative reinforcement are quite limited at the present time despite the clinical importance of analyzing drug effects which are specific to behavior motivated by stress or fear. The proposed research will elaborate the effects of selected psychoactive drugs on a new baseline schedule involving two concurrently programmed types of negative reinforcement in rats. The new baseline involves a standard shock avoidance schedule programmed on one lever with responses on a second lever producing signaled periods of timeout from avoidance. Preliminary studies have indicated that the baseline is differentially sensitive to the effects of opiate drugs (morphine) and anxiolytic drugs (chlordiazepoxide and alcohol). The proposed studies will permit determination of the extent to which the previously observed drug effects are dependent upon the schedule maintaining the behavior, the pre-drug rate of responding, or the type of event maintaining the behavior. Additional studies will extend the analysis to other drugs including stimulants (amphetamine), antipsychotic agents (chlorpromazine), anesthetics (pentobarbital), and drugs influencing the GABA- benzodiazepine receptor complex (CGS 9896, FG 7142, Ro 15- 1788) as well as other agents. The long term goals of these studies are to increase our knowledge of the neuropharmacological basis of negative reinforcement processes. In addition to the significance of the proposed research for theories involving the links between receptor activity and aversively-motivated behavior, these studies will elaborate a new and highly sensitive baseline for use as a tool in the analysis of new drug effects.

研究药物对维持行为的作用的技术目前，负强化的作用相当有限尽管分析药物作用具有临床重要性特定于由压力或恐惧引起的行为。这拟议的研究将详细阐述选定的影响新基线时间表上的精神活性药物涉及两种大鼠中同时编程的负强化类型。新的基线涉及标准的避震计划在一个控制杆上进行编程，并在第二个控制杆上进行响应产生回避信号的超时时间。初步研究表明，基线是对阿片类药物（吗啡）的作用有不同的敏感性和抗焦虑药物（利眠宁和酒精）。拟议的研究将允许确定在多大程度上先前观察到的药物作用取决于时间表维持行为、药物前反应率或维持行为的事件类型。额外的研究将将分析扩展到其他药物，包括兴奋剂（安非他明）、抗精神病药（氯丙嗪）、麻醉剂（戊巴比妥）和影响 GABA- 的药物苯二氮卓受体复合物（CGS 9896、FG 7142、Ro 15- 1788）以及其他代理人。这些的长期目标研究是为了增加我们的知识负强化过程的神经药理学基础。除了所提出的研究的意义之外涉及受体活性和厌恶动机行为，这些研究将阐述一种新的和高度敏感的基线用作分析工具新的药物作用。