DRUGS OF ABUSE AND NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT

滥用药物和负强化

基本信息

批准号：
2119880
负责人：
Joseph Mark Galizio
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA WILMINGTON
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1991-07-01 至 1995-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2119880
关键词：
SCH 23390 amphetamines behavior buprenorphine dopamine agonists dopamine receptor drug abuse fentanyl laboratory rat methadone morphine negative reinforcements opiate alkaloid opioid receptor psychopharmacology

项目摘要

Although many theories of substance abuse emphasize the role of negative reinforcement processes in drug dependence, our understanding of the effects of drugs of abuse on behavior maintained by negative reinforcement remains incomplete. One reason is that techniques that permit the study of the actions of drugs on negatively-reinforced behavior are quite limited. The proposed research will elaborate on a procedure developed in our laboratory that permits the study of behavior maintained by two concurrently available sources of negative reinforcement in rats: avoidance and timeout from avoidance. The timeout from avoidance procedure is of particular value in that timeout can be programmed using the same schedule arrangements as positive reinforcers, thus permitting comparisons between drug effects with the two types of reinforcers. In previous research using this technique, unique and opposite effects were produced by drugs of abuse morphine and amphetamine. The proposed studies will evaluate the generality of these effects by determining whether the effects of morphine are shared by other opioid compounds such as fentanyl, methadone, buprenorphine, and the specific kappa agonist U50,488. Related studies will assess whether the effects of amphetamine are shared by other stimulant drugs such as cocaine, and by drugs that affect specific receptor sites in the dopaminergic systems such as SCH23390, SKF38393, raclopride, and quinpirole. Further proposed research will help to determine the proper interpretation of the actions of drugs of abuse on timeout from avoidance by analyzing the extent to which morphine and amphetamine effects are due to altered magnitude or efficacy of negative reinforcement.

尽管许多滥用药物的理论强调了负面的作用药物依赖的加强过程，我们对滥用药物对负面强化维持的行为的影响仍然不完整。原因之一是允许研究的技术药物对负强化行为的作用非常有限。拟议的研究将详细说明我们在我们的实验室允许研究两个同时可用的大鼠负强化来源：回避和避免避免。回避程序的超时在该超时可以使用相同的时间进行编程，这是特别有价值的作为正增强剂的安排安排，因此可以进行比较在药物作用与两种类型的增强剂之间。在上一个使用这种技术的研究，由滥用吗啡和苯丙胺的药物。拟议的研究将通过确定是否效果来评估这些影响的普遍性吗啡由其他阿片类化合物（例如芬太尼）共享美沙酮，丁丙诺啡和特定的Kappa激动剂U50,488。有关的研究将评估苯丙胺的作用是否由其他刺激性药物，例如可卡因和通过影响特定受体的药物多巴胺能系统中的站点，例如SCH23390，SKF38393，raclopride，和奎因瓜。进一步提出的研究将有助于确定正确解释滥用药物在超时的滥用毒品的作用通过分析吗啡和苯丙胺作用的程度来避免是由于负强化的大小或功效的改变。