NATURAL SKIN SENSORS FOR NEUROMOTOR PROSTHESES CONTROL

用于神经运动假肢控制的天然皮肤传感器

• 批准号: 3413726
• 负责人: RONALD Raymond RISO
• 金额: $ 8.68万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-08-01 至 1992-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3413726
• 关键词: clinical biomedical equipment; cutaneous sensory nerve; electronic stimulator; evoked potentials; fingers; hand; human subject; magnetic recording system; mechanoreceptors; microelectrodes; nervous system prosthesis; neuromuscular disorder; spinal cord injury

Recent studies demonstrate that grip strength during everyday grasping activities is precisely regulated in an automatic manner to match the load of the grasped object and the frictional conditions present on the skin. Information from cutaneous tactile receptors is primarily responsible for this regulation. The objectives of this proposed applied research project are: 1) to elucidate the roles of cutaneous tactile receptors in controlling human grasp; 2) to determine if viable tactile responses can be obtained from cutaneous afferents in the quadriplegic hand; and 3) to determine if the responses of these natural sensors can be used to enhance the controlability of FNS neuromotor prostheses systems that restore grasp function in handicapped individuals who have paralyzed or asensory hands. The project utilizes percutaneous microneurography of the median nerve to directly study the responses of cutaneous afferents of the human hand. Initial studies will be performed with normal subjects while they grip an instrumented object attached to a servo controlled puller. The response specificity of identified tactile afferents will be studied for effects of stimulus rate, amplitude, direction of pull, and the interaction of simultaneous normal and shear forces applied to the skin. In addition to interaction of simultaneous normal and shear forces applied to the skin. In addition to single unit analyses, nerve records will be root mean square processed to determine if the massed activity from the recorded fascical can be used to estimate the average normal forces applied to the skin. The viability of the tactile afferents in the hands of C5 and C6 spinal injury patients will be studied using evoked potentials recorded from the median, ulnar and radial nerves to stimulation of the digital nerves. After establishing the patency of these patients major nerves, tactile afferents in the median nerve will be studied using microneurography while the skin of the fingers is mechanically stimulated. The final aspect of the project seeks to determine if the activity recorded using cuff electrode temporarily installed around the common digital nerve in a quadriplegic patient's hand can be used to estimate the magnitude of mechanical stimuli applied to the appropriate finger tip skin.

最近的研究表明，在日常抓握期间的握力 精确地以自动方式调节活动以匹配负载 皮肤上握住的物体和摩擦状况。 皮肤触觉受体的信息主要负责 这个法规。 该提议的应用研究项目的目标是： 1）阐明皮肤触觉受体在控制中的作用 人掌握； 2）确定是否可以从皮肤中获得可行的触觉响应 四肢瘫痪的手中的传入； 3）确定是否反应 这些天然传感器可用于增强FN的控制性 恢复残障人士的掌握功能的神经运动假体系统 瘫痪或令人沮丧的人。 该项目利用中位神经的经皮微功能学 直接研究人手的皮肤传入的反应。 初步研究将与正常受试者一起抓住 连接到伺服受控拉杆上的仪器对象。反应 将研究确定的触觉传入的特异性 刺激速率，振幅，拉力方向和相互作用 同时施加正常和剪切力。此外 同时施加在皮肤上的正常和剪切力的相互作用。在 除了单位分析外，神经记录将是根平方 处理以确定是否来自记录的法西克的大规模活动 可用于估计施加到皮肤的平均正常力。这 C5和C6脊柱损伤手中触觉传入的生存能力 将使用中位数记录的诱发电位对患者进行研究， 尺神经和径向神经刺激数字神经。后 建立这些患者的通畅性，触觉传入 皮肤时，将使用微功能学研究中位神经 手指的机械刺激。 该项目的最后一个方面旨在确定是否记录了活动 使用袖口电极暂时安装在公共数字神经周围 在四肢瘫痪的患者的手中可以用来估计 机械刺激应用于适当的指尖皮肤。