21EJP SOIL: SymbiOtIc soLutions for HEalthy Agricultural Landscapes (SOIL HEAL)

21EJP SOIL：健康农业景观的共生解决方案（土壤修复）

• 批准号: BB/X000729/1
• 负责人: David Johnson
• 金额: $ 64.72万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FX000729%2F1
• 关键词: 21EJP; SOIL; SymbiOtIc; soLutions; HEalthy

The overall goal of SOIL-HEAL is to realise the potential of symbiotic soil fungi for sustainable agriculture, thereby addressing a key aim of the EJP Soil call to foster holistic and sustainable agricultural soil management practices. Most plants have coevolved with soil fungi to form root-fungal ("mycorrhizal") symbioses that are critical for regulating numerous ecosystem functions and services in natural and agricultural settings. An important feature of mycorrhizal fungi is their ability to form 'networks', which (in the broad sense) comprise three distinct elements: extra-radical mycelium, common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs), where a fungus links two or more plants, and community-level 'interaction networks' between and among mycorrhizal plant and fungal species. Despite the potential huge importance of mycorrhizal symbioses in agriculture, our understanding of the ubiquity and function of mycorrhizal fungal networks and their contribution to resilience of agri-ecosystems is remarkably poor. This is especially true under 'real-world' field conditions and in response to common management interventions used by farmers and land managers. To realise the potential of AM fungi for sustainable agriculture, SOIL-HEAL seeks to advance our mechanistic understanding of all three elements of fungal networks by determining:i) the properties of interaction networks of plants and fungi; ii) the production and turnover of extra-radical mycelium; iii) the relationships between fungal networks and key ecosystem functions, such as greenhouse gas production; iv) how management interventions influence the extent and function of fungal networks;v) whether fungal networks enhance the resilience of agri-ecosystems to climate extremes, especially drought, which is expected to increase in frequency and intensity with climate change.

SOIL-HEAL 的总体目标是实现共生土壤真菌在可持续农业中的潜力，从而实现 EJP 土壤呼吁的关键目标，即促进全面和可持续的农业土壤管理实践。大多数植物与土壤真菌共同进化，形成根真菌（“菌根”）共生体，这对于调节自然和农业环境中的众多生态系统功能和服务至关重要。菌根真菌的一个重要特征是它们形成“网络”的能力，“网络”（广义上）包括三个不同的元素：根外菌丝体、普通菌根网络（CMN）（真菌在其中连接两种或多种植物）和群落菌根植物和真菌物种之间的水平“相互作用网络”。尽管菌根共生在农业中具有潜在的巨大重要性，但我们对菌根真菌网络的普遍性和功能及其对农业生态系统恢复力的贡献的了解却非常贫乏。在“现实世界”的田间条件下以及针对农民和土地管理者使用的常见管理干预措施尤其如此。为了实现 AM 真菌在可持续农业中的潜力，SOIL-HEAL 致力于通过确定以下因素来增进我们对真菌网络所有三个要素的机械理解：i) 植物和真菌相互作用网络的特性； ii) 自由基外菌丝体的产生和周转； iii) 真菌网络与关键生态系统功能（例如温室气体产生）之间的关系； iv) 管理干预措施如何影响真菌网络的范围和功能；v) 真菌网络是否增强农业生态系统对极端气候，尤其是干旱的抵御能力，预计干旱的频率和强度会随着气候变化而增加。