FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF RETINAL GANGLION CELLS

视网膜神经节细胞的功能分析

• 批准号: 3259928
• 负责人: LARRY N THIBOS
• 金额: $ 8.32万
• 依托单位: TRUSTEES OF INDIANA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1984
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1984-01-01 至 1991-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3259928
• 关键词: cats; cell type; color visions; electroretinography; evoked potentials; fovea centralis retinae; human subject; microelectrodes; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neurogenesis; neurophysiology; psychophysics; retinal ganglion; sequential perception; vision tests; visual feedback; visual fields; visual perception; visual photosensitivity; visual stimulus

The long-term objective of this proposal is to understand the principles of organization of the mammalian retina and the importance of such organization for the overall functioning of the visual system. Retinal ganglion cells are known to be organized into distinct, functional classes. Each class is responsible for presenting a particular view of the visual world to specific, highly specialized nuclei of the brain. In this context, the immediate goals of this project are threefold. First, to elucidate the role played by the different classes of ganglion cells by characterizing and comparing the visual properties of individual cells in an animal preparation. Second, to relate these properties to relate these properties to a newly described component of the electroretinogram that is used clinically for diagnosis of such human diseases as multiple sclerosis, optic atrophy and glaucoma. Third, to isolate the optical and retinal factors which limit peripheral vision in man. Representative cells of the different classes of ganglion cells will be isolated for study in cat by introducing a microelectrode into the eye of an anesthetized animal. Contrast sensitivity will be determined for sinusoidal grating stimuli over the full spectrum of spatial frequencies and orientations. Comparisons will be drawn between the performance of different types of cells at fixed retinal locations and also between cells of the same type but at different retinal locations. Simultaneously with the recording of responses from individuals cells, the electroretinogram will be recorded by a second electrode. Comparisons will be drawn between the two sets of responses to determine which classes of retinal ganglion cell, if any, are correlated with this pattern- evoked electroretinogram. Peripheral vision in human subjects will be evaluated with a newly-discovered class of patterned stimuli which are visible but which cannot be resolved properly. This mode of vision, called aliasing, ususally occurs only in the peripheral field and may hold the keys to understanding the quality of normal peripheral vision as well as the cause of visual dysfunction in the residual sight of persons deprived of foveal vision because of age related, hereditary, or acquired macular degeneration.

该提议的长期目标是了解 哺乳动物视网膜和组织的原则 这种组织对于整体功能的重要性 视觉系统。 已知视网膜神经节细胞被组织 分为不同的功能类别。 每个班级负责 向特定的，高度提出视觉世界的特定视图 大脑的专门核。 在这种情况下，即时 该项目的目标是三倍。 首先，阐明角色 通过表征不同类别的神经节细胞播放 并比较单个细胞在 动物准备。 第二，将这些属性联系起来 这些属性到新描述的成分 临床上用于诊断此类的电图图 人类疾病作为多发性硬化症，视神经萎缩和青光眼。 第三，要隔离限制的光学因素和视网膜因子 人类的外围视力。 不同类别的神经节细胞的代表性细胞将 通过将微电极引入到CAT中进行研究 麻醉动物的眼睛。 对比灵敏度将是 确定在整个光谱上的正弦光栅刺激 空间频率和方向。 将绘制比较 在固定的不同类型的单元的性能之间 视网膜位置以及相同类型的细胞之间，但在 不同的视网膜位置。 同时录制 来自个体细胞的响应，电子图将是 由第二个电极记录。 将绘制比较 在两组响应之间确定哪个类别 视网膜神经节细胞（如果有）与这种模式相关 诱发的电子图。 人类受试者的外围视力将通过 可见但 无法正确解决。 这种视觉方式称为 混叠，通常在外围场发生，可能会持有 了解正常外围视觉质量的关键 以及在残留的视野中视觉功能障碍的原因 由于年龄相关的人，被剥夺了动脉视觉的人 遗传性或获得黄斑变性。