MECHANISMS OF VISUAL SYSTEM MATURATION

视觉系统成熟的机制

• 批准号: 3259728
• 负责人: Vivien A Casagrande
• 金额: $ 16.79万
• 依托单位: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1992-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3259728
• 关键词: afferent nerve; axon; biological models; cell death; cell differentiation; dendrites; denervation; electron microscopy; evolution; ferrets; histology; innervation; lateral geniculate body; microscopy; model design /development; neuroanatomy; neurogenesis; neuronal transport; newborn animals; optic nerve; organ culture; retina; sympathetic nervous system; visual cortex; visual pathways

The overall objective of this research is to understand the mechanisms responsible for the development of cellular patterns and connections in the nervous system. The development of layers and connections in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) provides an opportune system for investigation of these mechanisms, since the normal system is precisely organized and many aspects of its organization and development are well- documented. Our work on this system has led us to postulate a model that suggests the mechanisms of laminar formation. Each of the specific aims is designed to test aspects of this model in the developing LGN of tree shrews and ferrets. SPECIFIC AIM 1 will determine whether the developmental sequence of growth of afferents and dendrites supports the idea that these processes interact in a systematic way to produce interlaminar spaces. SPECIFIC AIM 2 will explore the influence of retinal afferents on LGN cell growth and spacing by: a) blocking axoplasmic transport; b) damaging discrete retinal regions; and c) examining for regional and laminar variations in the ontogenesis of cholinergic processes. SPECIFIC AIM 3 will examine the influence of developing cortical and collicular projections on interlaminar space formation by: a) deleting these inputs; b) blocking action potentials; and c) monocularly enucleating animals early in development. Finally, SPECIFIC AIM 4 will explore the feasibility of establishing an in vitro model (organotypic culture system) of the LGN to examine the development of cytoarchitecture and connections under controlled conditions. Together, these studies will clarify the mechanism of laminar development in the LGN. These results could, in turn, provide clues concerning the basic rules the produce orderly cellular patterns and connections in the nervous system. These studies are relevant not only to understanding basic mechanisms of normal visual system development, but also to understanding clinical disorders that may affect that development.

这项研究的总体目的是了解 导致细胞模式发展的机制 和神经系统中的连接。 发展的发展 横向基因核（LGN）的层和连接 provides an opportune system for investigation of these 机制，因为正常系统是精确组织的，并且 其组织和发展的许多方面都是很好的 记录。 我们在该系统上的工作使我们假设 暗示层状形成机制的模型。 每个 特定目的的旨在测试该模型的方面 开发的树生和雪貂。 具体目标1将确定是否发展 传入和树突的增长顺序支持这个想法 这些过程以系统的方式进行交互 层间空间。 具体目标2将探索影响 视网膜对LGN细胞生长和间距的传入：a） 阻塞轴质转运； b）破坏离散视网膜 地区； c）检查区域和层状变化 胆碱能过程的个体发生。 具体的目标3将 检查发展皮质和胶状的影响 关于层间空间形成的预测：a）删除这些 输入； b）阻止动作电位；和c）单眼 在发育的早期开始蛋白动物。 最后，具体 AIM 4将探索建立体外的可行性 LGN的模型（器官培养系统）检查 开发细胞结构和连接 受控条件。 这些研究一起阐明了层流的机制 LGN的发展。 这些结果又可以提供 有关基本规则的线索有序的蜂窝 神经系统中的模式和连接。 这些研究 不仅与理解的基本机制有关 正常的视觉系统开发，也可以理解 可能影响该发展的临床疾病。