Transcriptome analysis in Indian buffalo and the genetics of innate immunity

印度水牛的转录组分析和先天免疫的遗传学

• 批准号: BB/L004623/1
• 负责人: David Hume
• 金额: $ 87.27万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2014 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FL004623%2F1
• 关键词: Transcriptome; analysis; Indian; buffalo; genetics

India is home to almost half of the world's domesticated water buffalo. Buffalo are used as draft, meat, and dairy animals. Their dung is used as a fertilizer, and as a fuel when dried. Buffalo milk has the lowest water content and highest fat content amongst farm animals, and the butterfat is a major source of ghee used in cooking. A number of major breeds of buffalo have been generated, but there has been relatively little systematic study of their disease resistance. The buffalo population of India is afflicted by a wide range of diseases with substantial mortality and morbidity, which have a massive impact on small holders' livelihoods and in many cases are also zoonotic. Some of these afflict cattle and buffalo equally, others such as pasteurellosis, are far more likely to cause death to buffalo than to cattle. In order to understand the molecular basis of disease susceptibility, and to build capacity for buffalo improvement, we propose a three-pronged project. We will carry out a survey of two major diseases of buffalo: tuberculosis and brucellosis. These diseases are both present at estimated percentages of at least 10% in adult animals and substantially greater in some villages. They represent significant sources of zoonotic infections of humans with whom they share close quarters. Where possible, and opportunistically in the case of significant outbreaks, we will also screen animals for other common pathogens such as pasteurella (haemorhagic septiceamia) black quarter (chlostridia) and leptospirosis, which tend to be seasonal, theileria spp and FMDV. In every case, we will collect DNA and we will seek to understand why some animals are infected and others are resistant. There are several major breeds of buffalo in India, but we know little of their genetic diversity. A second focus of the project is to understand how these breeds differ from each other. Finally, and building upon recent data from mouse, human and pig, and a parallel Roslin project on sheep, we proposed to create a gene expression atlas for the water buffalo. This will involve collection of a wide range of tissues from young adult animals. This information will underpin efforts to understand how genetic diversity leads to differences in infectious disease resistance between breeds and between animals. An important outcome of this project will be the transfer of molecular genetic skills and knowledge between the UK and India; in both directions because the diseases of interest are also economically important in the UK.

印度是世界上几乎一半驯化的水牛的家园。水牛被用作吃水，肉和乳制品动物。他们的粪便用作肥料，干燥时用作燃料。水牛牛奶在农场动物中的水含量最低，脂肪含量最高，而黄油是用于烹饪的酥油的主要来源。已经产生了许多主要的水牛，但是对疾病抗性的系统研究相对较少。印度的布法罗人口遭受了多种疾病的折磨，具有重大的死亡率和发病率，这对小持有人的生计产生了巨大影响，并且在许多情况下也是人畜共患病。这些苦难的牛和水牛中的一些同样，诸如巴氏菌病，更有可能导致水牛死亡，而不是牛。为了了解疾病敏感性的分子基础，并建立了水牛改善的能力，我们提出了一个三管齐下的项目。我们将对水牛的两种主要疾病进行调查：结核病和布鲁氏菌病。这些疾病都存在于成年动物中至少为10％的估计百分比，并且在某些村庄中均大大增加。它们代表着与他们共享近距离的人畜共患感染的重要来源。在可能的情况下，如果发生重大暴发的情况，我们还将筛选动物的其他常见病原体，例如巴斯德（Haemorhagic Spiceamia）黑色季度（Chlostridia）和钩端螺旋体病，这些季节往往是季节性的，Theileria spp和FMDV。在每种情况下，我们都会收集DNA，我们将寻求了解为什么有些动物被感染而另一些动物具有抵抗力。印度有几种主要的布法罗品种，但我们对它们的遗传多样性知之甚少。该项目的第二个重点是了解这些品种如何彼此不同。最后，我们基于小鼠，人和猪的最新数据以及在绵羊上的Roslin Project，我们提议为水牛制作一个基因表达地图集。这将涉及收集来自年轻动物的各种组织。这些信息将基于了解遗传多样性如何导致品种之间和动物之间的传染病抗性差异的努力。该项目的重要结果将是英国和印度之间分子遗传技能和知识的转移；在这两个方向上，因为感兴趣的疾病在英国也很重要。

项目成果

Species-Specific Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in Nitric Oxide Production and Arginine Metabolism in Macrophages.

• DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1700073
• 发表时间: 2018-01-01
• 期刊: ImmunoHorizons
• 作者: Young R;Bush SJ;Lefevre L;McCulloch MEB;Lisowski ZM;Muriuki C;Waddell LA;Sauter KA;Pridans C;Clark EL;Hume DA
• 通讯作者: Hume DA

ADGRE1 (EMR1, F4/80) Is a Rapidly-Evolving Gene Expressed in Mammalian Monocyte-Macrophages.

• DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02246
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Frontiers in immunology
• 影响因子: 7.3
• 作者: Waddell LA;Lefevre L;Bush SJ;Raper A;Young R;Lisowski ZM;McCulloch MEB;Muriuki C;Sauter KA;Clark EL;Irvine KM;Pridans C;Hope JC;Hume DA
• 通讯作者: Hume DA