SOURCE MEMORY AND HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTEX

源记忆和人类前额叶皮层

• 批准号: 2414675
• 负责人: DIANE SWICK
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-05-01 至 1998-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2414675
• 关键词: age difference; aging; aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain interhemispheric activity; clinical research; electroencephalography; evoked potentials; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; memory; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; speech recognition; stroke; vocabulary; voice; young adult human (21-34)

Many aspects of human memory have been functionally and neuroanatomically dissociated. In the realm of episodic memory, for example, memory for the content of a conversation (item memory) may be more persistent than the memory of who made the comments (source memory). Source memory and item memory have been functionally correlated with the frontal lobes and the medial temporal lobes, respectively. However, the amount of direct neuroanatomical evidence for this hypothesis is limited. This project will compare the electrophysiological and neuroanatomical substrate5 of (1) source memory and (2) item memory in neurological patients with unilateral lesions of prefrontal cortex. Pilot studies will be run in young and elderly control subjects to examine item memory for spoken words and source memory for voice. Then, event-related brain potential (ERP), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and behavioral data will be obtained from groups of frontal patients with and without apha5ia and compared to data from age-matched controls. This line of research will provide information on the neural substrates of the observed ERP effects. Our previous results demonstrated that inferior prefrontal cortex and adjacent regions damaged in aphasic stroke patients (the insula and anterior temporal tip) are critical for generating the late positive potentials observed in a lexical decision task. Additionally, we will look at the timing of item and source memory processes by correlating ERPs with behavioral performance. Recent pilot data from controls suggest that source and item memory engage separate neural systems with different temporal characteristics. In the current proposal, we will study groups of patients with MRI-defined damage in subregions of left or right prefrontal cortex. The guiding theoretical framework is that prefrontal cortex plays a greater role in source memory than in item memory, while the medial temporal lobes are more involved in item than source memory. Future research will further evaluate this hypothesis in patients with damage to medial temporal areas including hippocampu5 and entorhinal cortex. This combined ERP, lesion, and behavioral approach will study the contributions of prefrontal cortex to different aspects of verbal memory processing, specifically memory for context (source memory) and memory for content (item memory).

人类记忆的许多方面在功能和神经上都是 解离。在情节记忆的领域中，例如 对话的内容（项目内存）可能比 谁发表评论（源内存）的记忆。源内存和项目 内存在功能上与额叶和 内侧颞叶。但是，直接数量 该假设的神经解剖学证据受到限制。这个项目将 比较（1）的电生理和神经解剖基底5 源记忆和（2）单侧神经系统记忆 前额叶皮层病变。试点研究将在Young和 老年人控制对象，以检查口语单词的项目记忆和 语音的源内存。然后，与事件相关的大脑电位（ERP）， 将获得磁共振成像（MRI）和行为数据 来自有或没有APHA5IA的额叶患者组 来自年龄匹配的控件的数据。这一研究将提供 有关观察到的ERP效应的神经底物的信息。我们的 先前的结果表明，较低的前额叶皮层和相邻 失语症中风患者（绝缘和前部）损坏的区域 时间提示）对于产生晚期积极潜力至关重要 在词汇决策任务中观察到。此外，我们将查看 通过将ERP与 行为表现。来自控件的最新试点数据表明 来源和项目存储器与不同的神经系统与不同的神经系统接合 时间特征。在当前的建议中，我们将研究 左或右前区域的MRI定义损伤的患者 皮质。指导理论框架是前额叶皮层发挥 在源内存中的作用比项目内置更大的作用 颞叶比源存储器更多地参与项目。未来 研究将进一步评估该假设的损害患者 内侧时间区域，包括海马和内嗅皮层。这 联合ERP，病变和行为方法将研究贡献 前额叶皮层到言语记忆处理的不同方面， 专门用于上下文（源内存）和内容的内存 （项目内存）。