SOURCE MEMORY AND HUMAN PREFRONTAL CORTEX

源记忆和人类前额叶皮层

• 批准号: 2414675
• 负责人: DIANE SWICK
• 金额: $ 3.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-05-01 至 1998-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2414675
• 关键词: age difference; aging; aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain interhemispheric activity; clinical research; electroencephalography; evoked potentials; frontal lobe /cortex; human old age (65+); human subject; memory; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuropsychological tests; speech recognition; stroke; vocabulary; voice; young adult human (21-34)

Many aspects of human memory have been functionally and neuroanatomically dissociated. In the realm of episodic memory, for example, memory for the content of a conversation (item memory) may be more persistent than the memory of who made the comments (source memory). Source memory and item memory have been functionally correlated with the frontal lobes and the medial temporal lobes, respectively. However, the amount of direct neuroanatomical evidence for this hypothesis is limited. This project will compare the electrophysiological and neuroanatomical substrate5 of (1) source memory and (2) item memory in neurological patients with unilateral lesions of prefrontal cortex. Pilot studies will be run in young and elderly control subjects to examine item memory for spoken words and source memory for voice. Then, event-related brain potential (ERP), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and behavioral data will be obtained from groups of frontal patients with and without apha5ia and compared to data from age-matched controls. This line of research will provide information on the neural substrates of the observed ERP effects. Our previous results demonstrated that inferior prefrontal cortex and adjacent regions damaged in aphasic stroke patients (the insula and anterior temporal tip) are critical for generating the late positive potentials observed in a lexical decision task. Additionally, we will look at the timing of item and source memory processes by correlating ERPs with behavioral performance. Recent pilot data from controls suggest that source and item memory engage separate neural systems with different temporal characteristics. In the current proposal, we will study groups of patients with MRI-defined damage in subregions of left or right prefrontal cortex. The guiding theoretical framework is that prefrontal cortex plays a greater role in source memory than in item memory, while the medial temporal lobes are more involved in item than source memory. Future research will further evaluate this hypothesis in patients with damage to medial temporal areas including hippocampu5 and entorhinal cortex. This combined ERP, lesion, and behavioral approach will study the contributions of prefrontal cortex to different aspects of verbal memory processing, specifically memory for context (source memory) and memory for content (item memory).

人类记忆的许多方面已经在功能和神经解剖学上 解离了。例如，在情景记忆领域， 对话内容（项目记忆）可能比对话内容更持久 记忆谁发表了评论（源记忆）。源内存和项目 记忆在功能上与额叶和 分别为内侧颞叶。但直接金额 这一假设的神经解剖学证据有限。该项目将 比较 (1) 的电生理学和神经解剖学基础 5 单侧神经系统患者的源记忆和（2）项目记忆 前额皮质损伤。试点研究将在年轻人和 老年对照受试者检查口语项目记忆和 语音源存储器。然后，事件相关脑电位（ERP）， 磁共振成像（MRI），并将获得行为数据 来自患有和不患有失语症5ia的额叶患者组，并与 来自年龄匹配对照的数据。该研究方向将提供 观察到的 ERP 效应的神经基质信息。我们的 先前的结果表明，下前额皮质和邻近的 失语性中风患者受损的区域（岛叶和前叶） 颞尖）对于产生晚期正电位至关重要 在词汇决策任务中观察到。此外，我们还将关注 通过将 ERP 与项目和源记忆过程相关联来计时 行为表现。最近来自控制的试点数据表明 源记忆和项目记忆涉及不同的神经系统 时间特征。在当前的提案中，我们将研究以下组 左或右前额叶部分区域出现 MRI 确定损伤的患者 皮质。指导理论框架是前额皮质发挥作用 源记忆中的作用比项目记忆中的作用更大，而中间记忆中的作用更大 颞叶更多地参与项目而不是源记忆。未来 研究将在脑损伤患者中进一步评估这一假设 内侧颞区包括海马5和内嗅皮层。这 结合 ERP、病变和行为方法将研究其贡献 前额皮质对言语记忆处理的不同方面的影响， 特别是上下文记忆（源记忆）和内容记忆 （项目记忆）。