BEHAVIORAL ROLES OF AUDITORY CORTEX

听觉皮层的行为作用

• 批准号: 2292106
• 负责人: KAREN K GLENDENNING
• 金额: $ 2.23万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-01 至 1997-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2292106
• 关键词: afferent nerve; auditory cortex; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; behavior test; cats; central neural pathway /tract; efferent nerve; electrophysiology; inferior colliculus; neuroanatomy; neurochemistry; psychophysics

Ablation behavior experimentation on the hindbrain auditory system has led to the conclusion that the superior olivary complex (or SOC) in the medulla serves the auditory system as an "acoustic chiasm". The primary evidence is that unilateral lesions in the auditory pathway anywhere below this structure (that is, in the cochlea, cochlear nucleus, trapezoid body) result in sound localization deficits either in both hemifields of auditory space or in the hemifield ipsilateral to the lesion. In sharp contrast, unilateral lesions in the pathway anywhere above the SOC (that is, in the lateral lemniscus or beyond) result in sound localization deficits only in the hemifield contralateral to the lesion. Therefore, there is a clear functional parallel between the SOC and the optic chiasm even though there is no obvious anatomical parallel. The neuroanatomical and neurochemical substrate and the behavioral consequences of this chiasmatic process are the focus of the parent grant. The present FIRCA proposal will extend the parent grant's anatomical focus to the auditory forebrain, in particular to auditory cortex. In addition, it will extend the parent grant's behavioral focus (on azimuth discrimination mechanisms) to include moving sound-sources and possibly, more fundamental capacities of hearing (i.e., time-by-azimuth, frequency or intensity discriminations). Because the project entails rigorous psychophysical tests of hearing capacities before and after selective cortical ablations, the research should contribute to the understanding of auditory dysfunction in humans resulting from stroke or cortical injury.

后代听觉系统的消融行为实验已引导 得出的结论是，上级橄榄络合物（或SOC） 髓质将听觉系统作为“声学chiasm”服务。 主要 有证据表明听觉途径中的单侧病变以下任何位置 这种结构（即，在耳蜗中，耳蜗核，梯形体） 导致声音定位缺陷，要么在两个半场 听觉空间或在病变的半侧同侧。 尖锐 对比，在SOC以上任何地方的路径中的单侧病变（ 是的，在侧面或以后）导致声音定位 仅在损伤对侧的半场中缺陷。 所以， SOC和视神经段之间有明显的功能相似之处 即使没有明显的解剖学平行。神经解剖学 和神经化学底物和行为后果 ChiasMatic过程是父母赠款的重点。 当前的FIRCA提案将扩大父母赠款的解剖重点 在听觉前脑，特别是听觉皮层。 此外， 它将扩大父母的行为重点（对方位角 歧视机制）包括移动声音源，甚至可能 听力的更多基本能力（即按时间限制，频率 或强度区分）。 因为该项目需要进行严格的心理物理测试 选择性皮质消融前后的能力，研究 应该有助于理解人类的听觉功能障碍 导致中风或皮质损伤。