ACOUSTIC CHIASM: ANATOMY AND BEHAVIOR

声交叉：解剖和行为

• 批准号: 3398919
• 负责人: KAREN K GLENDENNING
• 金额: $ 10.3万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-01-01 至 1986-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3398919
• 关键词: afferent nerve; auditory discrimination; auditory nuclei; auditory reflex; auditory threshold; autoradiography; axon; binaural hearing; brain mapping; cochlea; efferent nerve; electrophysiology; experimental brain lesion; fluorescent dye /probe; hearing tests; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; olivary body; psychoacoustics; sound frequency; afferent nerve; auditory discrimination; auditory nuclei; auditory reflex; auditory threshold; autoradiography; axon; binaural hearing; brain mapping; cochlea; efferent nerve; electrophysiology; experimental brain lesion; fluorescent dye /probe; hearing tests; neuroanatomy; neurophysiology; olivary body; psychoacoustics; sound frequency

Ablation behavior experimentation on the hindbrain auditory system has led to the conclusion that the superior olivary complex (or SOC) in the medulla may serve the auditory system as an "acoustic chiasm". The primary evidence is that unilateral lesions in the auditory pathway anywhere below this structure (that is, in the cochlea, cochlear nucleus, trap]ezoid body) result in sound localization deficits either in both hemifields of auditory space or in the henifield ipsilateral to the lesion. In sharp contrast, unilateral lesions in the pathway anywhere above the SOC (that is, in the lateral lemniscus or beyond) result in sound localization deficits only in the hemifield contralateral to the lesion. Therefore, there is a clear functional parallel between the SOC and the optic chiasm even though there is no obvious anatomical parallel. We propose to study the anatomical basis and functional consequences of this chiasmatic process in a series of tract-tracing and ablation-behavior experiments in cats. Using standard techniques of HRP, HRP-WGA conjugate, fluorescent dye, and tritiated amino-acid autoradiography, we will determine the locations and cell-types originating the afferent supply converging on the binaural nuclei of the SOC and the trajectories and possible collateralization of their axons. We will also determine the distribution, collateralization, and trajectory of the efferents of these nuclei as they ascend to the pontine and midbrain levels. Using rigorous psychophysical techniques for testing sound localization and basic hearing capacities in cats with unilateral lesions in the afferents or efferents of SOC in combination with a cochlear lesion either ipsilateral or contralateral to the CNS lesion, we will study the fractionation of normal hearing capacities as a result of the fractionation of the chiasm in order to express the behavioral consequences of the chiasmatic process both in terms of ears of origin and in terms of hemifields of space. Because the acoustic chiasm is a process that is best defined in ablationn-behavior terms, and because the function of the chiasm obviously depends on its afferent-efferent relationships, we expect both lines of experimentation to aid and guide the other and together, to yield a more coherent understanding of the chiasmatic process than could either line alone.

后代听觉系统的消融行为实验已引导 得出的结论是，延髓中的上橄榄络合物（或SOC） 可以用作听觉系统作为“声学chiasm”。 主要 有证据表明听觉途径中的单侧病变以下任何位置 这种结构（即在耳蜗中，耳蜗核，陷阱] ezoid体） 导致在听觉的两个半场中都会导致声音定位缺陷 空间或在病变的同侧。 与形成鲜明对比的是 路径中的单侧病变（即 外侧lemniscus或以后）仅在 半场与病变对侧。 因此，有一个清晰的 即使在那里 没有明显的解剖平行。 我们建议研究解剖学 在一系列中的基础和功能后果 猫中的道路追踪和消融行为实验。 使用标准 HRP，HRP-WGA结合物，荧光染料的技术 氨基酸放射自显影，我们将确定位置和细胞类型 起源于收敛于双耳核的传入供应 SOC及其轴突的轨迹和可能的抵押。 我们 还将确定的分布，抵押和轨迹 这些细胞核上升到桥脑和中脑时的侵蚀。 水平。 使用严格的心理物理技术进行测试 单侧病变的猫的本地化和基本听力能力 在SOC的传统或侵略者中，与人工耳蜗结合 CNS病变的同侧或对侧，我们将研究 由于分馏的结果，正常听力能力的分馏 为了表达行为后果 从起源耳朵和 空间的半场。 因为声学chiasm是一个最好的过程 以ablationn-behavior项定义，并且因为chiasm的功能 显然取决于其传入效益的关系，我们期望 实验线以帮助和指导对方，共同产生 对Chiasmatic过程的更连贯的了解， 独自一人。