ULTRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF ANTENNAL CENTER

触角中心的超微结构发展

• 批准号: 2263757
• 负责人: LESLIE P TOLBERT
• 金额: $ 11.9万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-01 至 1995-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2263757
• 关键词: Lepidoptera; afferent nerve; axon; biomarker; cell cell interaction; cell death; cell differentiation; developmental neurobiology; electron microscopy; electrophysiology; freeze etching; glia; histology; immunocytochemistry; limbic system; microscopy; neuroanatomy; olfactory lobe; synapses; tissue /cell culture

Olfactory glomeruli, which are compartments of neuropil where synaptic interactions between olfactory sensory axons and their target neurons take place, have been known for some years to be induced by the ingrowth of olfactory sensory axons. Studies in the current grant period have revealed that glial cells, the major non-neuronal cells of the nervous system, play an essential role in the olfactory-axon induced formation of olfactory glomeruli in a model system, the antennal lobe of an insect. The proposed research aims to elucidate the role that neuron-glia, and also neuron- neuron, interactions play in the construction of glomeruli, and to further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these important developmental events. In particular, the proposed experiments will continue to test the hypothesis that glial cells act as intermediaries between the sensory axons and their eventual synaptic targets, i.e. that glial cells are "transformed" by exposure to olfactory axons and that "transformed" glia form the scaffold within which target neurons differentiate glomerular arbors. Toward this end, the experiments will: (a) determine the precise time in the development of glomeruli when glial cells must be present, (b) determine how stable is the "transformation" of glia by olfactory axons, (c) explore the expression of cell-surface and extracellular-matrix markers during development of the glomeruli, (d) determine whether the glia-defined boundaries of glomeruli represent diffusion barriers for ions or for other potential factors influencing differentiation, and (e) discover the extent of glial cell death and determine its significance in the creation of the glomerular scaffolds. In mammals, recent findings suggest that glial cells may play a role in the early compartmentation of the central nervous system in a manner similar to that observed in the antennal lobe of the insect. In the long run, understanding the roles and mechanisms of intercellular interactions in the more accessible insect system will offer insights into interactions in mammalian systems and may reduce the need for experimentation in mammals.

嗅觉肾小球，是突触所在的神经纤维室 嗅觉感觉轴突与其目标神经元之间的相互作用 的地方，多年来已知是由向内生长引起的 嗅觉感觉轴突。 当前资助期内的研究表明 神经胶质细胞是神经系统的主要非神经元细胞，发挥着 在嗅觉轴突诱导的嗅觉形成中起重要作用 模型系统中的肾小球，即昆虫的触角叶。 拟议的 研究旨在阐明神经元胶质细胞以及神经元的作用 神经元之间的相互作用在肾小球的构建中发挥作用，并进一步 我们对这些重要机制的理解 发展事件。 特别是，所提出的实验将 继续检验神经胶质细胞充当中介的假设 感觉轴突与其最终的突触目标之间，即 神经胶质细胞通过暴露于嗅觉轴突而“转化” “转化”的神经胶质细胞形成支架，其中靶神经元 区分肾小球乔木。 为此，实验将： (a) 确定胶质细胞形成时肾小球发育的精确时间 细胞必须存在，(b) 确定“转化”的稳定性 神经胶质细胞的嗅觉轴突，（c）探索细胞表面和 肾小球发育过程中的细胞外基质标记物，(d) 确定神经胶质细胞定义的肾小球边界是否代表 离子或其他潜在影响因素的扩散势垒 分化，以及（e）发现神经胶质细胞死亡的程度和 确定其在肾小球支架创建中的重要性。 在哺乳动物中，最近的研究结果表明神经胶质细胞可能在 中枢神经系统的早期划分方式类似于 在昆虫的触角叶中观察到的。 从长远来看， 了解细胞间相互作用的作用和机制 更容易获得的昆虫系统将提供对相互作用的见解 哺乳动物系统，并可能减少对哺乳动物进行实验的需要。