DIAGNOSTIC NEUROACTIVATION PET STUDIES

诊断性神经激活宠物研究

• 批准号: 2253590
• 负责人: John R Votaw
• 金额: $ 12.27万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-08-01 至 2000-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2253590
• 关键词: biomedical automation; brain disorder diagnosis; butanols; data collection; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; epilepsy; human subject; method development; nervous system disorder epidemiology; neuroanatomy; oxygen; positron emission tomography; radionuclides; radiotracer; water

Between 0.2-1% of the population is epileptic. Approximately one quarter of epileptics are refractory to medical treatment and most have temporal lobe epilepsy. These patients are candidates for temporal lobectomy. Unfortunately, after surgery, many suffer a loss in naming ability. This is one example where if the sensitivity of a PET activation study were improved so that significant results for a single individual could be attained, management of the patient might be improved. The purpose of this project is to enhance PET activation imaging until this is possible. To date, PET activation studies have been used to form conclusions concerning groups of patients. This work intends to enhance activation studies so that significant conclusions can be drawn on individual patients. This work is an investigation into five areas of the PET activation technique. First, side-by-side tests comparing (15-0)water and (15- 0)butanol will be performed. (15-O)Butanol has been proposed (but not validated) as a potentially superior radiotracer because it is more freely diffusible across the blood brain barrier. The second area is an optimization of the acquisition protocol to maximize the information in a PET study. In this subproject, the relative timing between the task onset and the data acquisition, the duration of the acquisition, and the task presentation will be investigated. Included is an investigation into the effects of habituation. The confrontational naming stimulus task will be used but our intention is to produce a set of general principles for optimizing any activation task. Third, an objective method for identifying activated regions of the brain will be developed. The innovation in the proposed work is to directly manipulate the primary data (2D or 3D sinograms), where the statistical properties are known, to produce images with equal variance in every pixel (Z-images). From the Z-images, the probability that any particular region of the brain has been activated can be obtained. Given an acceptable false positive rate, all significantly activated regions are determined objectively. Fourth, recent PET scanner developments have provided the ability to collect 3D data. With 3D data acquisition, the interplane septa are removed to increase (by an order of magnitude) the overall sensitivity of the scanner but the increase is not uniform across the imaging field of view. Also, the image contrast is reduced because of a greatly increased scatter fraction. The Z-image methods will be used in side-by-side tests of 2D versus 3D PET data acquisition to determine the relative advantages of each. We anticipate that the cumulative improvement from each of these subprojects will produce a PET activation technique that is able to provide significant conclusions concerning individual patients. This work is a proof of principle project. The techniques developed here, specifically for studying epilepsy, are equally applicable to transferring other PET activation research to the clinical setting. Our long term goals are to develop a range of diagnostic activation tests that will allow a physician to treat neuro illnesses based on the neurobiology of their disease rather than relying solely on the presenting symptoms.

人口的0.2-1％之间是癫痫病。大约四分之一 癫痫发作是对医疗的难治性，大多数具有时间治疗 叶癫痫。 这些患者是颞叶切除术的候选者。 不幸的是，手术后，许多人的命名能力损失。 这 是一个例子，如果宠物激活研究的灵敏度是 改进，使一个人的重大结果可能是 达到的，患者的管理可能会得到改善。 这个目的 项目是为了增强宠物激活成像，直到可能为止。 到 日期，宠物激活研究已用于形成有关的结论 一组患者。 这项工作旨在增强激活研究 可以对个别患者得出重大结论。 这项工作是对宠物激活的五个领域的调查 技术。 首先，比较（15-0）水和（15- 0）将执行丁醇。 （15-o）已提出丁醇（但不是 被验证）是一种潜在的优越的放射性示踪剂，因为它是更自由的 在血脑屏障中可扩散。 第二个区域是 优化采集协议以最大化信息 宠物研究。 在此subproject中，任务开始之间的相对时机 以及数据获取，收购持续时间和任务 演讲将进行研究。 其中包括对 习惯的影响。 对抗性命名刺激任务将是 使用但我们的目的是制定一套一般原则 优化任何激活任务。 第三，识别的客观方法 将开发大脑的活性区域。 创新 建议的工作是直接操纵主要数据（2D或3D 辛克图），其中已知统计特性，可以产生图像 每个像素（z图像）的差异相等。 从z图像中 大脑的任何特定区域都可以激活的概率可以 获得。 给定可接受的假阳性率，所有这些都显着 活性区是客观地确定的。 第四，最近的宠物扫描仪 发展提供了收集3D数据的能力。 使用3D数据 采集，平面间隔被移除以增加 大小）扫描仪的总体灵敏度，但增加不是 整个成像领域的统一。另外，图像对比是 由于散射分数的增加而减少。 Z图像 方法将用于2D和3D PET数据的并排测试 获得确定每个相对优势的获取。 我们预计每一个都会有所改善 副投射将产生能够提供的宠物激活技术 有关个别患者的重要结论。这项工作是 原理项目的证明。这里开发的技术，专门用于 研究癫痫，同样适用于转移其他宠物 激活研究到临床环境。我们的长期目标是 开发一系列诊断激活测试，这些测试将允许医生 基于其疾病的神经生物学治疗神经疾病 而不是仅依靠表现症状。