INTENSITY DLS AND MASKING IN NORMAL AND IMPAIRED HEARING

正常和听力受损的强度 DLS 和掩蔽

• 批准号: 2125013
• 负责人: MARY S. FLORENTINE
• 金额: $ 25.72万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 1995-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2125013
• 关键词: auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; cochlear lesion; cues; disease /disorder model; hearing disorders; hearing tests; human subject; loudness; model design /development; neural information processing; noise; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychometrics; sound frequency; speech

Our long term objective is to reach an understanding of the auditory system that will allow quantitative modeling of the perception of tones, noise, and speech in both normal and impaired hearing. Such models are important for understanding normal auditory processes and provide a basis for improving diagnosis and rehabilitation of hearing-impaired listeners. The proposed project aims to obtain psychoacoustic data that will allow further tests of the concept that excitation patterns and multi-band decision rules may provide a general framework for quantitative modeling of normal and impaired hearing. Based on 21,2AFC experiments, in normal, impaired, and masked-normal listeners, the proposed project will establish a firm basis for refining our excitation-pattern model of intensity discrimination and testing a number of hypotheses related to the decision process in this and other models. Our specific aims are: (1) to test the hypothesis that excitation-level Information decreases over time due to adaptation processes in the auditory system, intensity DLs for multiple tone bursts will be measured as functions of the number of bursts and the interburst interval. In other experiments, intensity DLs for brief tones will be measured in the presence of a preceding, adapting tone of various durations; (2) to provide a direct test of the hypothesis that Comodulation Masking Release, CMR, results from "listening in the valleys" and can be explained by an energy-detector model with a stimulus-driven, time-varying weighting of the signal channel, Conditional-On-a-Single-Stimulus (COSS) detection-probability functions will be measured for stimuli presented in multi-band maskers with coherent envelopes (which produce CMR) and with incoherent envelopes (which do not produce CMR); (3) to test the hypothesis that stimulus-driven, time-varying weights affect temporal integration for detection of a tone masked by noise, thresholds for tones presented in gated and continuous maskers with and without cue tones will be measured as a function of signal duration; (4) to assess how stimulus parameters govern the channel weights, thresholds for brief tones presented in gated maskers of various bandwidths will be measured as a function of a cue tone's level and duration; (5) to test the hypothesis that stimulus-driven, time-varying weights cause across-frequency integration to depend on signal duration and listening condition, thresholds for multi-tone complexes of various bandwidths will be measured as functions of stimulus duration and listening condition (gated versus continuous masker, signal bandwidth fixed or randomized across trials, and cue present or absent); (6) to test the hypothesis that widened attention bands obtained in gated maskers reflect the operation of stimulus-driven, time-varying weights, measurements on how attention bandwidth is affected by presentation of a cue prior to each signal interval will be obtained as functions of the masker's off-time and the masker-signal onset separation. These data will add significantly to our understanding of normal and impaired hearing and will be important for the development and testing of models of the auditory system.

我们的长期目标是了解听觉系统 这将允许对音调、噪音、 以及听力正常和听力受损时的言语。 这样的模型很重要 为理解正常的听觉过程并提供基础 改善听力障碍听众的诊断和康复。 这 拟议项目旨在获取心理声学数据，以便进一步 激励模式和多频带决策规则概念的测试 可以为正常和正常的定量建模提供一个通用框架 听力受损。 基于 21,2AFC 实验，在正常、受损和 蒙面普通听众，拟议的项目将奠定坚实的基础 用于完善我们的强度辨别激励模式模型和 测试与此和决策过程相关的许多假设 其他型号。 我们的具体目标是：（1）检验以下假设： 由于适应，兴奋水平信息随着时间的推移而减少 听觉系统中的过程，多个突发音调的强度 DL 将作为突发数量和突发间的函数来测量 间隔。 在其他实验中，短音的强度 DL 将是 在存在先前的、适应各种音调的情况下测量 持续时间； (2) 提供对共调制假设的直接检验 掩蔽释放（CMR）是“在山谷中聆听”的结果，可以是 由具有刺激驱动的时变能量检测器模型来解释 信号通道加权，单次刺激条件 (COSS) 将测量中出现的刺激的检测概率函数 具有相干包络（产生 CMR）的多频段掩蔽器 不连贯的包络线（不产生 CMR）； (3) 检验假设 刺激驱动的、随时间变化的权重会影响时间积分 检测被噪声掩盖的音调，呈现的音调阈值 有或没有提示音的门控和连续掩蔽将被测量为 信号持续时间的函数； (4) 评估刺激参数如何发挥作用 通道权重、门控掩蔽器中呈现的简短音调的阈值 各种带宽的测量将作为提示音电平的函数 和持续时间； (5) 检验刺激驱动、随时间变化的假设 权重导致跨频率积分取决于信号持续时间和 聆听条件，各种多音复合体的阈值 带宽将作为刺激持续时间和听力的函数来测量 条件（门控与连续掩蔽器、信号带宽固定或 跨试验随机化，提示存在或不存在）； (6) 测试 假设在门控掩蔽器中获得的注意力范围扩大反映了 刺激驱动的、随时间变化的权重的操作，以及如何测量 注意力带宽受到每个之前提示的影响 信号间隔将作为掩蔽器的关闭时间和 掩蔽信号起始分离。这些数据将显着增加 我们对正常和受损听力的了解对于 听觉系统模型的开发和测试。