Intensity DLs and Masking in Normal and Impaired Hearing

正常和听力受损的强度 DL 和掩蔽

• 批准号: 6472515
• 负责人: MARY S. FLORENTINE
• 金额: $ 36.06万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-12-01 至 2007-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6472515
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory threshold; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; hearing tests; human subject; mathematical model; model design /development; neural information processing; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; psychometrics; sensorineural hearing loss; sound frequency; speech recognition

The long-term objective of this work is to reach an understanding of the auditory system that will allow modeling of the perception of tones, noise, and speech in listeners with normal hearing and hearing losses. The overarching hypothesis to be tested in this project is that cochlear hearing losses alter auditory processing differently at different frequencies and that alterations at a specific frequency will affect only the speech information transmitted by a band of speech around that frequency. To this end, listeners with normal hearing and with hearing losses of primary cochlear origin will be tested to identify auditory- processing deficits in different spectral regimens. These deficits will be related to the listeners' abilities to understand speech in noise by applying the new Speech Recognition-Sensitivity. Contrary to traditional Articulation-Index models, the SRS model can accurately predict the intelligibility of speech in disjoint spectral bands, making it possible to model 'dead' regions in cochlear losses. It predicts speech intelligibility by, among other things, integrating an importance function the Congruence-Index Density Function. CIDF across the bandwidth of the speech. The specific aims are to test four hypotheses: (1) Speech - recognition performance can be predicted from the CIDF, which depends on frequency-specific psychoacoustic abilities. (2) The CIDF for normal listeners is similar to the band-importance function for nonsense syllables in the Speech Intelligibility Index. (3) Conditional-on-Single- Stimulus (COSS) functions obtained by varying the signal-to-noise ratio randomly in distinct frequency bands of speech do not reflect the contribution that each band makes to the intelligibility. Rather, as the SRS model can predict recognition performance for different speech materials by varying a single parameter that reflects the linguistic entropy of the speech. To test these hypotheses, the CIDF obtained with a new COSS techniques will be compared to data for a targeted set of frequency-specific psychoacoustical tests for temporal, frequency, and intensity processing. The SRS-model predictions will be compared to measured speech-recognition scores. All the experiments are motivated by model predictions or specific hypotheses about psychoacoustic abilities that are likely to be important for speech recognition. Regardless of the success of the model, are data are highly likely to reveal auditory processes that are important for recognition of speech and will add significantly to our understanding of auditory perception and speech recognition in listeners with normal hearing and with hearing losses.

这项工作的长期目标是了解听觉系统，该系统将允许在正常听力和听力损失的听众中对音调，噪音和语音的感知进行建模。在这个项目中要测试的总体假设是，在不同频率下的人工耳蜗听力损失改变了听觉处理，并且在特定频率下的变化只会影响围绕该频率的语音带传递的语音信息。 为此，将测试具有正常听力和听力损失的听众，以确定不同光谱方案中的听觉处理缺陷。这些缺陷将与听众通过应用新的语音识别敏感性来理解噪声中的语音的能力有关。与传统的表达索引模型相反，SRS模型可以准确预测分离光谱频段中语音的清晰度，从而可以在人工耳蜗损失中建模“死”区域。它通过将重要性函数整合到一致性指数密度函数中来预测语音清晰度。 CIDF跨越演讲的带宽。具体目的是检验四个假设：（1）可以从CIDF预测语音识别性能，这取决于特定于频率的精神声音能力。 （2）普通听众的CIDF类似于语音清晰度指数中无意义音节的频段重要函数。 （3）通过在不同的语音频段中随机改变信噪比而获得的条件刺激（COSS）函数并不能反映每个频段对清晰度的贡献。相反，由于SRS模型可以通过改变反映语音熵的单个参数来预测不同语音材料的识别性能。为了检验这些假设，将使用新的COSS技术获得的CIDF与针对时间，频率和强度处理的针对性特异性心理测试的数据进行比较。 SRS模型预测将与测量的语音识别评分进行比较。所有实验都是由模型预测或有关心理声学能力的特定假设的动机，这些假设可能对语音识别很重要。不管模型的成功如何，数据都很可能揭示对识别语音很重要的听觉过程，并将大大增加对听觉感知和语音识别的理解，这些听众有正常的听力和听力损失。