PHYSIOLOGICAL BASES OF AUDITORY PERCEPTUAL PERFORMANCE

听觉感知表现的生理基础

• 批准号: 2124789
• 负责人: ERIC JAVEL
• 金额: $ 16.49万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-02-01 至 1996-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2124789
• 关键词: acoustic nerve; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; auditory tracking; biological models; cats; cell population study; cochlear implants; cochlear microphonic potentials; decision making; electrophysiology; histology; implant; model design /development; neural information processing; neurophysiology; operant conditionings; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; sensorineural hearing loss; single cell analysis; sound frequency; stimulus /response

The studies proposed in this competitive renewal are directed at under- standing neurophysiological bases of perceptual performance in auditory detection and discrimination tasks in cats and humans. Two lines of work will be pursued initially. The first consists of acute electrophysiological studies that employ 2AFC and yes-no methods to explore the ability of single auditory nerve fibers to detect and discriminate acoustic signals across specific dimensions. The goals of the work is to examine the degree to which temporal-and rate-based coding schemes account for perceptual performance. Specific tasks to be studied include frequency, intensity and temporal gap discrimination, forward and simultaneous masking, and frequency and amplitude modulation detection. To gain a more complete picture of neural processes involved in perceptual decision-making, experiments will be performed in normal animals, animals with sensorineural hearing loss, and animals with cochlear implants. The second line of work is the development of an excitation pattern / neural population response model that incorporates all relevant sources of response variability and generates, on a fiber-by-fiber basis, accurate estimates of the auditory nerve population response to arbitrary signals. The model will be used to examine the extent to which neural population responses anticipate perceptual performance on the tasks listed above. Later, the model will be modified and extended to consider population-based coding schemes in condition of hearing impairment. Midway through the award period an animal psychophysics facility will be established, and detection and discrimination data will be obtained from behaving cats. The goals of this work are to fill in gaps in knowledge of the perceptual capabilities of animals and to generate psychophysical data whose neural substrates can be examined electrophysiologically and modeled. Animals trained to perform perceptual tasks will become subjects for electrophysiological experiments. Their cochleas will also be processed histologically to determine spatial distributions of spiral ganglion cell counts, and the anatomic data will be incorporated into population response models tailored to each animal. This approach allows perceptual findings to be directly compared with single-cell responses and the performance of anatomically accurate population models on identical tasks.

在此竞争更新中提出的研究针对不足 听觉中感知表现的站立神经生理基础 猫和人类的检测和歧视任务。 两条工作 最初将被追捕。 第一个由急性组成 电生理研究采用2AFC和YES方法来探索 单个听觉神经纤维检测和区分的能力 跨特定维度的声学信号。 工作的目标是 检查基于时间和速率的编码方案帐户的程度 用于感知表现。 要研究的具体任务包括 频率，强度和时间间隙歧视，向前和 同时掩盖，频率和振幅调制检测。 到 获得更完整的感知神经过程的图片 决策，将在正常动物，动物中进行实验 具有感官听力损失，以及具有人工耳蜗的动物。 第二行的工作是开发激发模式 / 神经种群反应模型，结合了所有相关来源 响应变异性并以纤维纤维的基础生成准确 听觉神经群体对任意信号的反应的估计。 该模型将用于检查神经种群的程度 响应可以预测上述任务上的感知表现。 后来，该模型将进行修改并扩展以考虑基于人群的 在听力障碍条件下的编码方案。 在颁奖时期，动物心理物理学设施将是 已建立，检测和歧视数据将从 行为猫。 这项工作的目标是填补知识的空白 动物的感知能力并产生心理物理数据 可以在电生理和建模的神经底物进行神经底物。 受过训练以执行知觉任务的动物将成为主题 电生理实验。 他们的耳蜗也将被处理 在组织学上确定螺旋神经节细胞的空间分布 计数，解剖学数据将纳入人群响应 针对每种动物量身定制的模型。 这种方法允许感知结果 将直接与单细胞响应和性能进行比较 关于相同任务的解剖学上的人群模型。