Language development in bilingual preschoolers: A cross-linguistic and cross-cultural comparison

双语学龄前儿童的语言发展：跨语言和跨文化比较

基本信息

批准号：
10495199
负责人：
Viorica Marian
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-24 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10495199
关键词：
American Books Child Child Development Child Language Clinical Clinical assessments Communication Communities Cross-Cultural Comparison Cultural Backgrounds Data Development Disease Education English Learner Exhibits Goals Health Hybrids Industrialization Interpersonal Relations Knowledge Label Language Language Development Language Disorders Lead Learning Linguistics Measures Mediator of activation protein Mothers Nursery Schools Outcome Pathologist Pattern Personal Communication Play Population Population Heterogeneity Preschool Child Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Schools Services Social Development Speech Testing Time Toy Transcript United States Variant Work bilingualism cognitive development high risk improved innovation literacy pediatrician personal narratives prevent repository risk minimization skills

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract There is a fundamental gap in our understanding of language development in linguistically and culturally diverse preschoolers, including those who are dual language learners of English and another language. In order to identify atypical patterns of language development in bilingual children, there first needs to be an understanding of the typical variation in communication that naturally exists across languages in bilinguals. The objective of the proposed work is to examine whether bilingual mothers and their young children interact differently in each of their two languages. The central hypothesis is that there are unique culture-specific communicative norms that manifest differently depending upon which of a bilingual's two languages is being spoken at any given time. Using Thai as a test case because of the availability of monolingual comparison data, and building on cross- cultural findings that monolingual Thai and monolingual American-English mother-child dyads differ in their communicative styles, the proposed research has three Specific Aims: 1) examine whether Thai-English bilingual children communicate with their mothers differently in their two languages, 2) examine whether Thai-English bilingual mothers communicate with their children differently in their two languages, and 3) examine the relationship between maternal and child patterns of conversation in their two languages. Four naturalistic, culturally-, and ecologically-valid tasks are utilized: prompted reminiscing, book sharing, toy play, and child personal narrative. This is the first systematic study to examine whether bilingual mothers and their young children interact differently in their two languages and in different communicative settings and is innovative in its scope and approach. Upon study completion, the collected data will be made publicly available to other researchers as de-identified transcripts via a free repository for further study. This research contributes to understanding the consequences of bilingualism for linguistic, cognitive, and social development of children growing up with two languages, specifically how learning more than one language influences interpersonal communication and interactions during the preschool years. The project carries practical implications for clinical assessment, treatment, and education of linguistically and culturally diverse bilingual preschoolers and will help minimize the risk of misdiagnosing differences as disorders in non-WEIRD (white, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) populations.

项目概要/摘要我们对语言和文化多样性中语言发展的理解存在根本差距学龄前儿童，包括英语和另一种语言的双语学习者。为了要识别双语儿童的非典型语言发展模式，首先需要了解双语者跨语言自然存在的典型沟通变化。的目标拟议的工作是检查双语母亲及其幼儿在每个方面的互动是否不同。他们的两种语言。中心假设是存在独特的特定于文化的交流规范根据双语者在任何特定时间所说的两种语言中的哪一种，其表现有所不同。使用泰语作为测试用例，因为可以获得单语言比较数据，并建立在跨语言的基础上文化发现，单语泰语和单语美英母子二人组的差异在于交际风格，拟议的研究有三个具体目标：1）检查泰语-英语双语是否孩子们用两种语言与母亲交流的方式不同，2）检查泰语-英语是否相同双语母亲用两种语言与孩子进行不同的交流，并且 3）检查母婴两种语言的对话模式之间的关系。四自然主义，利用文化和生态上有效的任务：提示回忆、书籍分享、玩具游戏和儿童个人叙述。这是第一个系统研究来检验双语母亲及其孩子是否孩子们在两种语言和不同的交际环境中进行不同的互动，并且在其方面具有创新性范围和方法。研究完成后，收集到的数据将向其他人公开研究人员通过免费存储库将其作为去识别化的转录本以供进一步研究。这项研究有助于了解双语对儿童语言、认知和社会发展的影响在两种语言的陪伴下成长，特别是学习一种以上语言如何影响人际交往学前阶段的沟通和互动。该项目对临床具有实际意义对语言和文化多样化的双语学龄前儿童进行评估、治疗和教育，将有助于最大限度地减少将差异误诊为非 WEIRD（白人、受过教育、工业化、富有、和民主）人口。