Neural mechanisms of landmark-based navigation

基于地标的导航的神经机制

基本信息

批准号：
10474369
负责人：
RUSSELL A EPSTEIN
金额：
$ 57.46万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-03-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10474369
关键词：
Affect Alzheimer&apos s Disease Animal Behavior Animals Area Brain Brain region Cells Cities Code Cognition Cognitive Complex Data Diagnosis Electrophysiology (science)Elements Environment Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Funding Goals Grant Hippocampus (Brain)Human Imagination Impairment Individual Differences Investigation Knowledge Literature Location Maps Measures Mediating Mediation Memory Methods Modeling Neurodegenerative Disorders Neurons Neurosciences Participant Peer Review Perception Persons Psychology Publications Research Retrieval Rodent Role Rotation Route Self-Help Devices Signal Transduction Site Stroke Structure Support System System Testing Vision Work base behavior test cognitive function developmental psychology imaging study neuromechanism normal aging operation rehabilitation strategy relating to nervous system virtual reality way finding

项目摘要

Project Summary A fundamental aspect of our existence is the fact that we live in a spatially extended world. To survive and flourish in this world, we must have some method for navigating efficiently from place to place. The current project focuses on the neural mechanisms that underlie landmark- based navigation (LBN)—navigation that is guided by spatially stable elements of the environment. To implement LBN, a person must be able to 1) perceive the local environment, 2) use features of the local environment to determine their location and orientation in the world, and 3) plan a route that takes them from their current location to their navigational goal. In previous funding periods, we have used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and other methods to identify regions of the human brain that mediate these operations and to assign functional roles to these regions. Now we seek to integrate these findings to understand how these neural/cognitive components work together to implement LBN during realistic navigational episodes. In aim 1 we will identify the spatial representations that are simultaneously active in the human brain during dynamic navigation, including representations of location and heading, and representations of the navigational goal. In aim 2 we seek to understand the remapping mechanisms that allow a navigator to negotiate a complex world that contains multiple local environments. In aim 3 we will delineate the reorientation mechanisms that allow a navigator to establish (or re-establish) their sense of place and direction after losing their bearings. Together, these operations—knowing where we are in the world and the location of our goal, distinguishing between different spatial environments, and recovering our bearings when we are disoriented—constitute core elements of spatial navigation. Understanding the neural mechanisms that underlie these elements would be a major and sustained intellectual advance in an area that has long been a central topic of investigation in psychology and neuroscience.

项目概要我们存在的一个基本方面是我们生活在一个空间扩展的世界中。为了在这个世界上生存和繁荣，我们必须有一些方法来有效地导航当前的项目重点关注地标背后的神经机制。基于导航（LBN）——由空间稳定元素引导的导航要实施LBN，人必须能够1）感知当地环境，2）使用当地环境的特征来确定他们在世界上的位置和方向， 3) 规划一条路线，将他们从当前位置带到导航目标。在之前的资助期间，我们使用了功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和其他方法来识别介导这些操作的人脑区域并现在我们试图整合这些发现来理解这些区域的功能角色。这些神经/认知组件如何协同工作以在现实场景中实现 LBN 在目标 1 中，我们将确定以下空间表示。在动态导航期间在人脑中同时活跃，包括表征在目标 2 中，我们寻求位置和航向以及导航目标的表示。了解重新映射机制，使导航员能够协商一个复杂的世界包含多个本地环境。在目标 3 中，我们将描述重新定向机制。允许导航员在迷路后建立（或重新建立）他们的位置感和方向感这些操作一起，了解我们在世界上的位置和位置。我们的目标，区分不同的空间环境，并恢复我们的方位当我们迷失方向时——构成空间导航的核心要素。这些要素背后的神经机制将是一个主要且持续的智力长期以来一直是心理学研究的中心主题的领域神经科学。