Risk and protective factors associated with the development of depression and allostatic load in young adults of Mexican origin.

与墨西哥裔年轻人抑郁症和调节负荷发展相关的风险和保护因素。

基本信息

批准号：
10451769
负责人：
RICHARD W ROBINS
金额：
$ 32.87万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-15 至 2025-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10451769
关键词：
10 year old 19 year old Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult African American Age Anterior Blood Blood Pressure Brain California Cardiovascular Diseases Chronic Data Data Collection Development Developmental Process Diabetes Mellitus Economics Exhibits Exposure to Face Family Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Goals Health Hydrocortisone Impaired cognition Individual Intervention Knowledge Latin American Latino Population Longitudinal Studies Major Depressive Disorder Measures Mediating Mediation Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Mexican Mission Modeling National Institute of Mental Health Parent-Child Relations Patient Self-Report Pattern Persons Population Process Reporting Research Resistance Rewards Risk Risk Factors Salivary Sampling Specific qualifier value Spottings Stress Testing United States Ventral Striatum Waist-Hip Ratio Youth allostatic load alpha-amylase biological adaptation to stress biological sex cingulate cortex coping cost depressive symptoms ethnic discrimination ethnic identity ethnic minority ethnic minority population experience high risk indexing informant neuromechanism novel optimism outcome prediction perceived discrimination physical conditioning predictive modeling prevent prospective protective factors psychosocial racial minority relating to nervous system resilience response self esteem social exclusion therapy development young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT People of Latin American origin are projected to comprise over 28% of the United States (U.S.) population by 2060 and close to 70% of the Latino population is comprised of people of Mexican origin. Racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S., including people of Mexican origin, face higher rates of perceived discrimination and economic hardship. Prior research suggests that exposure to these forms of adversity leads to both higher risk for depression as well as increased allostatic load, or physical wear-and-tear on the body. In contrast, some research in African American samples suggests that ‘resilience,’ or resistance to developing mental health problems under conditions of adversity, may incur a cost of increased allostatic load during young adulthood. It is plausible that this mechanism may also occur for Mexican-origin individuals. This indicates a critical need to examine allostatic load in addition to depression symptoms to test whether some individuals who may appear ‘resilient’ in terms of low depression symptoms exhibit increased allostatic load in young adulthood. The current proposal aims to establish the association between adversity in adolescence and depression symptoms and allostatic load in young adulthood for those of Mexican origin, identify neural mechanisms mediating these associations, and discover protective factors that can mitigate these processes of risk. In this study, the research team proposes to collect a new wave of longitudinal data in the California Families Project (CFP), a longitudinal study that has followed 674 Mexican-origin youth and their families since youth were 10 years old. The study will capitalize on previous waves of longitudinal data collected in the CFP, including multi-informant assessments collected annually from age 10 to 21 and functional MRI data collected when youth were 16 and 19 years old. For this R01, the research team proposes to add a new wave of data collection (age 25 years) to assess allostatic load, current depression symptoms, and self-report of potential protective factors. The research team will test the following specific aims: 1) Examine the association between economic hardship and perceived discrimination experienced during adolescence and depression symptoms and allostatic load in young adulthood. 2) Identify the neural mechanisms through which specific forms of adversity predict depression symptoms and allostatic load in young adulthood. 3) Examine how ethnic identity, familism, parent-child relationship quality, self-esteem, active coping, optimism, and religiosity moderate associations between adversity, neural activity, depression symptoms, and allostatic load. This research will determine how adolescent adversity predicts depression and allostatic load in Mexican-origin young adults, identify neural mechanisms of risk that could be targeted in interventions, and identify protective factors that can mitigate depression risk that could be targeted in interventions. Critically, this research will establish which protective factors mitigate risk for depression without leading to increased allostatic load in young adulthood.

项目概要/摘要预计拉丁美洲裔人口将占美国人口的 28% 以上到 2060 年，近 70% 的拉丁裔人口由墨西哥裔人组成。美国的少数族裔，包括墨西哥裔人，遭受歧视的比例更高，先前的研究表明，遭受这些形式的逆境会导致更高的风险。与此相反，对于抑郁症以及体内稳态负荷增加或身体磨损而言，对非裔美国人样本的研究表明，“弹性”或对发展心理健康的抵抗力在逆境条件下出现的问题，可能会导致成年早期增加的非稳态负荷的代价。这种机制似乎也可能发生在墨西哥裔个人身上，这表明迫切需要这样做。除抑郁症状外，还检查稳态负荷，以测试某些人是否可能出现就低抑郁症状而言，“有弹性”表现出成年早期的调节负荷增加。该提案旨在建立青春期逆境与抑郁症状之间的联系对于墨西哥血统的人，青年期的变稳态负荷，确定介导这些的神经机制协会，并发现可以减轻这些风险过程的保护因素。团队建议在加州家庭项目（CFP）中收集新一波的纵向数据，这是一项纵向数据这项研究从 10 岁起就跟踪了 674 名墨西哥裔青少年及其家人。利用 CFP 中收集的前几波纵向数据，包括多信息评估每年收集 10 至 21 岁期间的数据，以及青少年 16 岁和 19 岁时收集的功能性 MRI 数据。对于这款 R01，研究团队建议添加新一波数据收集（年龄 25 岁）来评估非稳态研究小组将测试负荷、当前抑郁症状以及潜在保护因素的自我报告。以下具体目标： 1) 检查经济困难与感知歧视之间的关联青春期经历过的抑郁症状和成年早期的稳态负荷 2) 识别。特定形式的逆境预测抑郁症状和稳态的神经机制 3）检查种族认同、家庭主义、亲子关系质量、自尊、积极应对、乐观和宗教信仰在逆境、神经活动和抑郁之间具有中等关联这项研究将确定青少年逆境如何预测抑郁症和抑郁症。墨西哥裔年轻人的变稳态负荷，确定可针对的风险神经机制干预措施，并确定可以减轻抑郁风险的保护因素，这些因素可以针对至关重要的是，这项研究将确定哪些保护因素可以在不采取干预措施的情况下减轻抑郁症的风险。导致成年早期的非稳态负荷增加。