The Structure of Olfactory Neural and Perceptual Spaces

嗅觉神经和知觉空间的结构

• 批准号: 10413209
• 负责人: Sandeep R Datta
• 金额: $ 70.63万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10413209
• 关键词: Address; Apple; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Chemicals; Chemistry; Cherry - dietary; Code; Collaborations; Complex; Data; Dimensions; Future; Human; Image; Imaging technology; Machine Learning; Maps; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Monitor; Mus; Nose; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Output; Perception; Play; Psychophysics; Recipe; Research Personnel; Resources; Smell Perception; Statistical Methods; Stimulus; Structure; System; Techniques; Time; Wakefulness; Work; awake; design; experience; experimental study; first-in-human; innovation; interest; neural correlate; novel; perceptual organization; piriform cortex; receptor; relating to nervous system; response

Project Summary (Project 4: The structure of olfactory neural and perceptual spaces) It is not clear how stimulus-driven neural activity leads to perception. While this problem is typically approached from a feed-forward perspective — stimuli are systematically varied as neural activity and perception are monitored — the olfactory system poses a particular challenge, as the molecular stimulus space that drives neural responses is not well defined. Here we suggest an alternative approach: rather than working forward from receptors in the nose, we propose to work backwards from perception. That is, we will take advantage of a variety of conceptual and technical innovations to construct a new type of “ruler” that will allow us to accurately measure perceptual distances between odors, and then use this ruler to comprehensively map out the global structure of perceptual odor space, first in humans and then in mice. In parallel we will take advantage of advances in neural imaging technologies that give us, for the first time, access to cortical responses to odorants in awake mice. Important preliminary data demonstrates that the piriform cortex harbors a systematic and invariant representation of odor space, and that this space correlates with perceptual relationships amongst odors. By assessing both cortical and perceptual responses to the same odorant set, these experiments will reveal how information about odorant chemistry is organized in cortex, and how this information relates to perception, both in mice and in humans. Constraining the dimensionality and structure of neural and perceptual odor spaces, in a systematic and comprehensive fashion, will reveal key aspects of the input-output function of the olfactory system.

项目摘要（项目4：嗅觉神经和知觉空间的结构） 目前尚不清楚刺激驱动的神经活动如何导致感知。虽然这个问题通常是 从馈送前进的角度接近 - 刺激系统地变化为神经活动和感知 受到监测 - 嗅觉系统构成了一个特殊的挑战，因为驱动的分子刺激空间 神经反应不是很好的定义。在这里，我们建议另一种方法：而不是从 鼻子中的受体，我们建议从感知开始向后工作。也就是说，我们将利用各种 概念和技术创新，以构建一种新型的“标尺”，这将使我们能够准确衡量 气味之间的感知距离，然后使用该统治者全面绘制出全球结构 感知气味空间，首先是人类，然后是小鼠。同时，我们将利用神经元的进步 成像技术使我们首次允许我们在清醒小鼠中获得对气味剂的皮质反应。 重要的初步数据表明，梨状皮层具有系统和不变 气味空间的表示，并且该空间与气味之间的感知关系相关。经过 这些实验评估对同一气形集的皮质和感知反应，将揭示如何 有关ODORINT化学的信息是在皮层中组织的，以及该信息与感知之间的关系 在老鼠和人类中。限制神经和感知气味空间的维度和结构， 一种系统的全面方式，将揭示嗅觉的投入输出功能的关键方面 系统。