Neurophysiology of Working Memory Maturation in Adolescence

青春期工作记忆成熟的神经生理学

基本信息

批准号：
10408340
负责人：
CHRISTOS CONSTANTINIDIS
金额：
$ 51.45万
依托单位：
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-28 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10408340
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adolescent Adult Anatomy Animals Area Attention Deficit Disorder Behavioral Biological Brain Cells Cognitive Cohort Effect Decision Making Development Diffusion Failure Goals Health Human Image Knowledge Link Measures Mediating Mental disorders Methodology Modeling Monkeys Mood Disorders Neurobiology Neurons Performance Periodicity Physiological Physiology Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Property Psychopathology Puberty Reaction Time Research Schizophrenia Sensory Short-Term Memory Stimulus Structure Task Performances Testing Time Training Vertebrates Work cognitive ability cognitive control cognitive development cognitive function cognitive process cognitive task cohort emerging adult executive function experimental study gray matter improved insight juvenile animal mature animal myelination neurophysiology nonhuman primate relating to nervous system response social visual stimulus white matter young adult

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The goal of this project is to investigate the neural substrates of the maturation process that takes place around puberty and which is associated with the development of a key cognitive ability, working memory. The prefrontal cortex, a part of the brain greatly expanded in primates compared to other vertebrates, undergoes a long maturation process that extends through puberty and into early adulthood. This process mirrors the development of higher cognitive functions. A number of mental illnesses have onsets linked to the maturation of the prefrontal cortex, most notably schizophrenia, which manifests itself in early adulthood. Executive function also improves in adulthood, and inadequate development of this capacity is associated with delinquency and other conditions of health and social significance. Little is known about the physiological changes that the prefrontal cortex undergoes in adolescence so as to mediate increased cognitive control. Taking advantage of recent methodological and conceptual advances, we propose to investigate the changes of prefrontal cortical physiology that occur after puberty. We propose to use a non-human primate model that will allow us to conduct neurophysiological recordings in the prefrontal cortex of peri-pubertal and adult animals. Our study will make use of monkeys trained to perform behavioral tasks that test working memory ability. Experiments will record neuronal activity related to task performance to understand what neural variables maturate after the onset of puberty. These experiments will offer insights on how development of the prefrontal cortex alters its physiological responses, findings that will be essential for understanding and treating mental illnesses thought to be associated with a failure of prefrontal cortical maturation.

项目概要该项目的目标是研究成熟过程的神经基质发生在青春期左右，与关键认知能力的发展有关能力、工作记忆。前额皮质，灵长类动物大脑的一部分，面积大大扩大与其他脊椎动物相比，它经历了一个漫长的成熟过程青春期和成年早期。这个过程反映了更高认知能力的发展功能。许多精神疾病的发作与前额叶的成熟有关皮质，尤其是精神分裂症，在成年早期表现出来。执行职能成年后也会有所改善，而这种能力发展不足与犯罪以及其他影响健康和社会意义的状况。人们对此知之甚少前额皮质在青春期发生的生理变化，以调节增加认知控制。利用最新的方法论和概念进展，我们建议调查前额皮质生理学发生的变化青春期后。我们建议使用非人类灵长类动物模型，这将使我们能够进行青春期前后和成年动物前额皮质的神经生理学记录。我们的研究将利用经过训练的猴子来执行测试工作记忆的行为任务能力。实验将记录与任务表现相关的神经元活动，以了解什么神经变量在青春期开始后成熟。这些实验将提供以下见解：前额皮质的发育如何改变其生理反应，这些发现将是对于理解和治疗被认为与失败有关的精神疾病至关重要前额皮质的成熟。