Circadian and sleep pathways to cardiometabolic disease risk: role of neurobehavioral processes

昼夜节律和睡眠途径对心脏代谢疾病风险的影响：神经行为过程的作用

• 批准号: 10364620
• 负责人: Kelly Glazer Baron
• 金额: $ 41.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10364620
• 关键词: Affect; American; Attention; Beds; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; Body Composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Cardiometabolic Disease; Cessation of life; Circadian Rhythms; Circadian desynchrony; Complex; Cross-Sectional Studies; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Eating; Eating Behavior; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Exposure to; Food; Frequencies; Future; Glucose tolerance test; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Goals; Hormones; Hour; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal observational study; Measures; Melatonin; Metabolic; Metabolism; Modeling; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Phase; Process; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Rest; Rewards; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Sleep; Standardization; Testing; Time; Weight Gain; Work; adult obesity; base; cardiometabolic risk; circadian; diabetes risk; dietary; disability; discounting; disorder risk; eating in absence of hunger; environmental intervention; experimental study; follow up assessment; high body mass index; insulin sensitivity; interest; neurobehavioral; neurobehavioral test; obesity development; obesity risk; preference; premature; prospective; sleep onset

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT It is reported that 1/3rd of Americans have bedtimes after midnight, which may increase risk for cardiometabolic disease due to misalignment of the sleep period relative to the internal circadian rhythm and short sleep duration. Given the relationship between circadian alignment and disruptions in eating behaviors and insulin resistance, this study will build on our previous work by examining the neurobehavioral and dietary mechanisms that link late sleep to increased cardiometabolic risk. There is strong evidence that late sleep timing is associated with individual differences in neurobehavioral processes, such reduced ability to delay gratification and impulsivity. We propose a model in which circadian misalignment affects neurobehavioral processes and eating behaviors that increase cardiometabolic risk. In this model, exposure to short sleep duration is a moderator of these relationships. A limitation of previous research on circadian alignment is that most have been conducted as short term experiments in highly controlled laboratory settings and little attention has been paid to behavioral mechanisms. Therefore, the overarching goal of our research is to elucidate the behavioral and biological mechanisms of cardiometabolic risk among individuals with late sleep timing living under naturalistic conditions. We will to test our model of neurobehavioral vulnerability among late sleepers in a 12-month longitudinal study of 100 overweight or obese adults with late sleep timing (bedtime at 12:00 am or later). Participants will complete metabolic, sleep, diet and circadian assessments at baseline, 6 and 12 months. We will conduct neurobehavioral and eating assessments in the morning and evening to evaluate the role of time of day in neurobehavioral and eating behaviors. The aims of this study are 1. To determine the role of circadian alignment with and without short sleep duration on neurobehavioral processes, dietary behaviors and cardiometabolic risk factors, 2. To determine if time of day impacts neurobehavioral measures and dietary behaviors among overweight individuals with late sleep timing, and 3. To determine how circadian misalignment predicts changes in cardiometabolic risk over 12 months. We will test neurobehavioral measures and sleep duration as moderators of the effects of circadian misalignment in longitudinal models. Results of this study will advance knowledge of the complex relationship between sleep/circadian rhythms and cardiometabolic risk in terms of both biological and behavioral contributors, thus providing the basis for new behavioral and environmental interventions targeted to align circadian rhythms and modify neurobehavioral processes among individuals with late sleep timing.

项目概要/摘要 据报道，1/3的美国人在午夜之后就寝，这可能会增加患上这种疾病的风险 由于睡眠时间相对于体内的失调而导致的心脏代谢疾病 昼夜节律和睡眠时间短。鉴于昼夜节律调整之间的关系 以及饮食行为和胰岛素抵抗的破坏，这项研究将建立在我们之前的基础上 通过检查神经行为和饮食机制来进行研究，这些机制将晚睡与增加睡眠联系起来。 心脏代谢风险。有强有力的证据表明晚睡时间与个人有关 神经行为过程的差异，例如延迟满足能力的降低和 冲动。我们提出了一个模型，其中昼夜节律失调影响神经行为 增加心脏代谢风险的过程和饮食行为。在此模型中，暴露于 睡眠时间短是这些关系的调节因素。先前研究的局限性 昼夜节律调整的特点是，大多数都是在高度的短期实验中进行的 受控的实验室环境，并且很少关注行为机制。 因此，我们研究的首要目标是阐明行为和生物学 睡眠时间较晚的人心脏代谢风险的机制 自然条件。我们将测试我们的神经行为脆弱性模型 对 100 名晚睡的超重或肥胖成年人进行了一项为期 12 个月的纵向研究 时间安排（中午 12:00 或更晚就寝）。参与者将完成新陈代谢、睡眠、饮食和 基线、第 6 个月和第 12 个月的昼夜节律评估。我们将进行神经行为学和 早上和晚上的饮食评估，以评估一天中的时间的作用 神经行为和饮食行为。本研究的目的是 1. 确定 昼夜节律调整（有或没有短睡眠时间）对神经行为过程的影响， 饮食行为和心脏代谢危险因素，2. 确定一天中的时间是否会产生影响 晚期超重个体的神经行为测量和饮食行为 睡眠时间，以及 3. 确定昼夜节律失调如何预测睡眠时间的变化 12 个月内的心脏代谢风险。我们将测试神经行为指标和睡眠 持续时间作为纵向模型中昼夜节律失调影响的调节因素。结果 这项研究将增进对睡眠/昼夜节律之间复杂关系的了解 生物和行为因素方面的节律和心脏代谢风险，因此 为新的行为和环境干预措施提供基础，旨在协调 昼夜节律并改变晚睡个体的神经行为过程 定时。