Circadian and sleep pathways to cardiometabolic disease risk: role of neurobehavioral processes

昼夜节律和睡眠途径对心脏代谢疾病风险的影响：神经行为过程的作用

• 批准号: 10078973
• 负责人: Kelly Glazer Baron
• 金额: $ 45.65万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10078973
• 关键词: Affect; American; Attention; Beds; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; Body Composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Cardiometabolic Disease; Cessation of life; Circadian Rhythms; Circadian desynchrony; Complex; Cross-Sectional Studies; Desire for food; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Eating; Eating Behavior; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Environment; Exposure to; Food; Frequencies; Future; Glucose tolerance test; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Goals; Hormones; Hour; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Insulin Resistance; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal observational study; Measures; Melatonin; Metabolic; Metabolism; Modeling; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Phase; Process; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Rest; Rewards; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Sleep; Standardization; Testing; Time; Weight Gain; Work; adult obesity; base; cardiometabolic risk; circadian; diabetes risk; dietary; disability; discounting; disorder risk; eating in absence of hunger; environmental intervention; experimental study; follow up assessment; high body mass index; insulin sensitivity; interest; neurobehavioral; neurobehavioral test; obesity development; obesity risk; preference; premature; prospective; sleep onset

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT It is reported that 1/3rd of Americans have bedtimes after midnight, which may increase risk for cardiometabolic disease due to misalignment of the sleep period relative to the internal circadian rhythm and short sleep duration. Given the relationship between circadian alignment and disruptions in eating behaviors and insulin resistance, this study will build on our previous work by examining the neurobehavioral and dietary mechanisms that link late sleep to increased cardiometabolic risk. There is strong evidence that late sleep timing is associated with individual differences in neurobehavioral processes, such reduced ability to delay gratification and impulsivity. We propose a model in which circadian misalignment affects neurobehavioral processes and eating behaviors that increase cardiometabolic risk. In this model, exposure to short sleep duration is a moderator of these relationships. A limitation of previous research on circadian alignment is that most have been conducted as short term experiments in highly controlled laboratory settings and little attention has been paid to behavioral mechanisms. Therefore, the overarching goal of our research is to elucidate the behavioral and biological mechanisms of cardiometabolic risk among individuals with late sleep timing living under naturalistic conditions. We will to test our model of neurobehavioral vulnerability among late sleepers in a 12-month longitudinal study of 100 overweight or obese adults with late sleep timing (bedtime at 12:00 am or later). Participants will complete metabolic, sleep, diet and circadian assessments at baseline, 6 and 12 months. We will conduct neurobehavioral and eating assessments in the morning and evening to evaluate the role of time of day in neurobehavioral and eating behaviors. The aims of this study are 1. To determine the role of circadian alignment with and without short sleep duration on neurobehavioral processes, dietary behaviors and cardiometabolic risk factors, 2. To determine if time of day impacts neurobehavioral measures and dietary behaviors among overweight individuals with late sleep timing, and 3. To determine how circadian misalignment predicts changes in cardiometabolic risk over 12 months. We will test neurobehavioral measures and sleep duration as moderators of the effects of circadian misalignment in longitudinal models. Results of this study will advance knowledge of the complex relationship between sleep/circadian rhythms and cardiometabolic risk in terms of both biological and behavioral contributors, thus providing the basis for new behavioral and environmental interventions targeted to align circadian rhythms and modify neurobehavioral processes among individuals with late sleep timing.

项目摘要/摘要 据报道，午夜后1/3的美国人有睡眠时间，这可能会增加 由于睡眠期与内部的睡眠期未对准而导致的心脏代谢疾病 昼夜节律和短睡眠时间。鉴于昼夜节律对齐之间的关系 以及饮食行为和胰岛素抵抗的干扰，这项研究将基于我们以前的 通过检查神经行为和饮食机制，将迟到的睡眠与增加 心脏代谢风险。有充分的证据表明晚期的睡眠时间与个体有关 神经行为过程的差异，这种延迟满足的能力降低了， 冲动。我们提出了一个模型，其中昼夜节律未对准会影响神经行为 过程和饮食行为增加心脏代谢风险。在此模型中，暴露于 短睡眠持续时间是这些关系的主持人。先前研究的局限 昼夜节律是，大多数是在高度的短期实验中进行的 受控的实验室环境和对行为机制的关注很少。 因此，我们研究的总体目标是阐明行为和生物学 患有晚期睡眠时机居住的人的心脏代谢风险机制 自然条件。我们将测试晚期神经行为脆弱性的模型 在100个超重或肥胖的成年人晚期睡眠的12个月纵向研究中的卧铺 时间安排（上午12:00或更高版本）。参与者将完成代谢，睡眠，饮食和 基线时的昼夜节律评估，6个月和12个月。我们将进行神经行为和 早晨和晚上的饮食评估，以评估一天中的时间的作用 神经行为和饮食行为。这项研究的目的是1。 在神经行为过程中，有和没有短睡眠时间的昼夜节律对齐， 饮食行为和心脏代谢风险因素2。确定一天中的时间是否影响 超重患者的神经行为措施和饮食行为迟到 睡眠时间和3。确定昼夜节律如何预测 心脏代谢的风险超过12个月。我们将测试神经行为措施和睡眠 持续时间是纵向模型中昼夜节律未对准影响的主持人。结果 这项研究将进一步了解睡眠/昼夜节律之间的复杂关系 关于生物和行为贡献者的节奏和心脏代谢风险，因此 提供针对对齐的新行为和环境干预措施的基础 昼夜节律并修改患有晚期睡眠的个体的神经行为过程 定时。