Neural Origins of Temperamental Risk for Anxiety

焦虑的气质风险的神经起源

• 批准号: 10317105
• 负责人: Nathan A Fox
• 金额: $ 19.31万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-10 至 2023-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10317105
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age-Months; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Attention; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Brain; Brain imaging; Child; Childhood; Code; Control Groups; Data; Development; Distress; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Grain; Individual; Infant; Knowledge; Life; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mental Health; Motor Activity; Neurobiology; Parents; Pattern; Population; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Rest; Risk; Sampling; Scanning; Site; Societies; Stimulus; Structure; Temperament; Testing; Work; base; behavior measurement; connectome; data harmonization; early childhood; infancy; infant temperament; innovation; negative affect; neural correlate; prospective; recruit; relating to nervous system; virtual

Project Summary Anxiety disorders affect one third of the US population, significantly burdening individuals and society. Although rates peak in late adolescence, anxiety disorders have origins in infant and early childhood temperament. Moreover, beyond predicting risk for later anxiety, early temperament even more strongly predicts later neural correlates of anxiety. As such, temperament may identify an enduring neural “risk signature.” Precisely characterizing this signature may generate knowledge that would help reduce the burden of long-term mental health problems. However, most research quantifies such neural risk signatures in older children and adults. Thus, it remains unclear whether such a risk signature, involving temperament and brain function, manifests in infancy before predicting later behavior. Here, we propose to recruit a sample of typically developing 3-5-month-old infants screened to identify negative reactive temperament, characterize their brain networks using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and assess their Behavioral Inhibition (BI) at 13-15 months of age. Our prior work uses novelty-evoked motor activity and behavioral distress to quantify a temperamental bias called negative reactivity. This bias predicts later avoidance of unfamiliar stimuli or contexts during early childhood, a pattern called BI. BI, in turn, is associated with functioning in the brain’s salience and ventral attention networks. Moreover, BI is the best early-child behavioral predictor of later anxiety disorders, conditions also associated with functioning in the salience and ventral attention networks. We will test the hypothesis that behaviorally assessed negative reactivity in early infancy is associated with decreased functional connectivity in the salience and ventral attention networks relative to non-reactive infants. Identifying the neural underpinnings of heightened negative reactivity in infancy and links to BI will elucidate the neurobiological origins of risk for the development of anxiety.

项目摘要 焦虑症会影响美国人口的三分之一，严重燃烧个人和社会。 尽管青少年晚期的速度达到峰值，但焦虑症的起源于婴儿和幼儿 气质。此外，除了预测较晚焦虑的风险之外，早期温度甚至更强烈 预测后来的焦虑神经相关性。因此，温度可以识别出持久的神经“风险 签名。“精确地表征此签名可能会产生知识，从而有助于减少燃烧 长期心理健康问题。但是，大多数研究都量化了较老的神经风险特征 儿童和成人。那尚不清楚这种风险签名是否涉及温度和大脑 功能，在预测以后的行为之前在婴儿期表现出来。在这里，我们建议招募通常 筛查以识别负反应温度的3-5个月大的婴儿，表征他们的大脑 使用磁共振成像（MRI）的网络，并在13-15个月中评估其行为抑制（BI） 年龄。我们先前的工作使用新颖性引起的运动活动和行为困扰来量化温度 偏置称为负反应性。这种偏见可以预测以后避免早期不熟悉的刺激或环境 童年，一种称为bi的模式。 bi反过来与大脑的显着性和腹部发挥作用 注意网络。此外，BI是后来焦虑症的最佳早期儿童行为预测指标， 与显着性和腹侧注意网络的功能相关的条件也相关。我们将测试 假设在婴儿早期的行为评估负反应性与改善有关 显着性和腹侧注意网络中的功能连通性相对于非反应性婴儿。识别 婴儿期负反应性增强和与BI的联系的神经基础将阐明 动画发展风险的神经生物学起源。