Trajectories of Behavioral Inhibition and Risk for Anxiety

行为抑制和焦虑风险的轨迹

• 批准号: 8826811
• 负责人: Nathan A Fox
• 金额: $ 50.28万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-07 至 2016-09-25
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8826811
• 关键词: 11 year old; 13 year old; Accounting; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Anxiety; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological; Biological Factors; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Event; Exhibits; Exposure to; Failure; Friends; Friendships; Goals; Incidence; Individual; Individual Differences; Infant; Measures; Mediation; Mental Health; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Outcome; Partner in relationship; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peer Group; Physiological; Play; Population; Process; Psychopathology; Puberty; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; Role; Sampling; Schools; Shapes; Social Adjustment; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Social Interaction; Socialization; Symptoms; Temperament; Time; Withdrawal; Work; anxiety symptoms; anxious; anxious behavior; base; behavior observation; cognitive testing; cohort; early adolescence; early childhood; experience; infancy; innovation; junior high school; meetings; model development; peer; programs; social; social skills; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): As children transition from elementary to middle school, there are changes to their social context that include exposure to unfamiliar age mates and reorganization of existing peer groups which generate a number of challenges to be met. Some children negotiate these changes and new challenges easily, while others have greater difficulty. A child's temperament may influence their success or failure in this process. Behavioral Inhibited children may be particularly vulnerable to problems in social adaptation across the middle school years and into adolescence. Behavioral Inhibition is a temperament, identified early in childhood that involves heightened sensitivity to novelty, withdrawal from mildly stressful and unfamiliar events, and social reticence. We have recruited a large cohort (n=315) of infants and have carefully characterized their temperamental disposition to behavioral inhibition over the period of infancy and early childhood. We now wish to see these children before they enter middle school (10-11 years of age) and then soon after they transition to early adolescence (12-13 years of age). We will observe their social competence with familiar and unfamiliar peers and assess their attention bias to threat, as well as cognitive self-monitoring, in order to gain a detailed understanding of the social and cognitive mechanisms that influence the pathways from temperament to adaptive or maladaptive outcomes during this important period of development. Our unique and innovative approach involves behavioral observation of dyadic social interaction with familiar and unfamiliar peers when children are 10-11 years of age, assessment of cognitive factors at that age, as well as questionnaire measures of biological factors and school context. We will use these data to predict social competence in a peer group as well as incidence of psychopathology at age 12-13. This approach will allow us to identify how specific social and cognitive mechanisms moderate initial child temperament of behavioral inhibition to increase or diminish the risk for poor social adaptation and heightened incidence of psychopathology.

描述（由申请人提供）：随着儿童从小学到中学的过渡，他们的社会环境发生了变化，其中包括接触不熟悉的年龄伴侣和对现有同伴群体的重组，这些群体会带来许多要面对的挑战。有些孩子可以轻松地谈判这些变化和新的挑战，而另一些则有更大的困难。在此过程中，孩子的气质可能会影响他们的成功或失败。行为抑制的儿童可能尤其容易受到整个中学和青春期社会适应问题的问题。行为抑制是一种气质，在童年的早期被确定，涉及对新颖性的敏感性，从轻度压力和陌生的事件中撤出以及社会沉默。我们已经招募了大量的婴儿（n = 315），并仔细地表征了他们在婴儿期和幼儿期间对行为抑制的气质倾向。现在，我们希望在这些孩子进入中学之前（10-11岁），然后在过渡到青春期（12-13岁）之前就看到他们。我们将与熟悉和陌生的同龄人一起观察他们的社会能力，并评估他们对威胁的关注偏见，以及认知自我监控，以便对在这一重要的发展期间从气质到自适应或不良适应性的途径的社会和认知机制有详细的了解。我们独特而创新的方法涉及对二元社会互动的行为观察，当孩子年满10-11岁时，与熟悉和陌生的同龄人，该年龄段认知因素的评估以及生物学因素和学校环境的问卷调查。我们将使用这些数据来预测同伴组中的社会能力以及12-13岁的心理病理学发病率。这种方法将使我们能够确定特定的社会和认知机制如何适应行为抑制的初始儿童气质，从而增加或减少社会适应不良和心理病理发病率提高的风险。