Coding of auditory space in the avian brain

鸟类大脑听觉空间的编码

• 批准号: 10313453
• 负责人: Jose L Pena
• 金额: $ 43.08万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10313453
• 关键词: Achievement; Acoustics; Address; Adolescent; Anesthesia procedures; Animals; Area; Area Analyses; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory system; Automobile Driving; Barn Owls; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Binaural; Biological Assay; Birds; Brain; Brain region; Cells; Code; Cues; Data; Dependence; Frequencies; Goals; Head; Hearing problem; Human; Life; Location; Mammals; Maps; Mediating; Midbrain structure; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Population; Property; Prosencephalon; Reporting; Research; Role; Route; Scheme; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Sound Localization; Source; Space Perception; Stimulus; Strigiformes; Structure; Sum; System; Testing; Time; Work; auditory processing; awake; base; behavioral study; design; deviant; early experience; improved; in vivo; indexing; multi-electrode arrays; novel strategies; relating to nervous system; response; segregation; sound; statistics; trend

Abstract [This resubmitted project carries on the study of how auditory space is encoded in the barn owl's brain, with the overarching goal of understanding the interplay between midbrain and forebrain neural populations underlying discriminability and stimulus selection through auditory space. Behavioral spatial discrimination assays will be used to test the hypothesis that spatial discriminability is optimized by a built-in representation of natural cue statistics and in vivo recordings through multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) will be conducted in both anesthetized and awake barn owls for investigating activity patterns of midbrain neural populations underlying this effect (Aim 1). Population recordings in the midbrain space map, the hub of the midbrain stimulus selection network, will be used to investigate the interplay of stimulus temporal dynamics and brain oscillations in the coding of salient sounds across space (Aim 2). Simultaneous population recordings over brain regions will be used to investigate the routing of neural activity between midbrain and forebrain underlying sound localization (Aim 3). Recent findings by our group indicating commonalities of coding schemes across birds and mammals, including humans, support the premise that investigating mechanisms underlying discriminability, stimulus selection across space, and population-level midbrain and forebrain routing of activity, important open questions in sound localization, will be of significance across species. The group has recently developed multiunit recordings in awake animals, which will be used towards every specific aim.] Towards Aim 1, we will investigate the relationship between spatial discriminability and a representation of natural statistics of spatial cues, focusing on interaural time difference (ITD), a critical binaural cue for determining the azimuth location of sounds across species. This aim will test a hypothesis, based on premises supported by previous work from our group, that a built-in representation of natural ITD statistics, determined by the acoustical properties of the head, exists in the brain and optimizes sound localization. Behavioral studies will be conducted to assess spatial discriminability across frequency and space. MEAs will be used to record activity of the midbrain map of auditory space and use decoding analyses to investigate properties of population responses supporting the optimized discriminability pattern. [Recordings in awake birds will be used as a control for the effect of anesthesia. Preliminary data show feasibility of recordings in awake animals and a pattern of ITD discriminability across frequency and locations consistent with the hypothesis and properties of midbrain population responses supporting feasibility of this approach.] In Aim 2 we will scrutinize the midbrain stimulus selection network of barn owls on a population scale. Previous work suggested a role of gamma oscillations in stimulus selection and recent studies by our group showed a dependence between stimulus driven temporal spiking patterns and the location of sound sources relative to the preferred direction of space specific neurons of the owl’s midbrain. Based on this evidence, we will address the unexplored question of the interplay of brain oscillations and stimulus driven modulation of temporal spiking patterns in stimulus selection across space, a critical function of the sound localization system for detecting sounds based on their salience and location. [Population recordings in anesthetized and awake animals will be used to simultaneously track the power of brain oscillations across different frequency bands as well as envelope driven spiking patterns under competing sound stimulation. Preliminary data from MEA recordings across the midbrain space map show changes in population responses to competing sounds supporting the feasibility of the approach, and correlation between power of gamma oscillations and stimulus-driven temporal spiking patterning across the population consistent with an interplay of these signals in coding the salience of a sound. Preliminary data of recordings in awake barn owls show increased power of gamma range brain oscillations and correlation with response levels, corresponding with results obtained in anesthetized animals.] A critical open question in sound localization is the interplay of midbrain and forebrain areas displaying seemingly different coding schemes of sound localization, which we will address in Aim 3. [We will conduct simultaneous population recordings across brain regions in anesthetized and awake birds to elucidate the routing of neural activity across areas by analyzing pairwise correlation structure and trial-to-trial variability.] Previous studies by our group have shown important differences in correlation structure between midbrain and forebrain regions involved in sound localization, supporting the potential significance of investigating the bases of those results in simultaneous recordings of these brain areas and feasibility of this unprecedented approach. Thus, this project will assess the higher-order dynamics and interplay of midbrain and forebrain neural populations involved in sound localization to investigate mechanisms underlying vital functions that operate across species. [A new approach of in vivo recording in awake barn owls was recently developed by the group to validate functional significance of results across aims.] The contribution of this research to understanding central auditory processing underlying sound localization will lead to more accurate interpretations of auditory perception and its disruption in hearing disorders, with potential for improving treatments.

抽象的 [这个重新提交的项目继续研究听觉空间如何在仓鸮的大脑中编码， 了解中脑和前脑神经群体之间相互作用的总体目标 通过听觉空间的行为空间辨别的潜在辨别力和刺激选择。 分析将用于测试空间可辨别性通过内置表示优化的假设 自然线索统计和通过多电极阵列（MEA）的体内记录将在这两个国家进行 麻醉和清醒的仓鸮，用于研究潜在的中脑神经群的活动模式 中脑空间图（中脑刺激选择的中心）中的群体记录。 网络，将用于研究刺激时间动力学和大脑振荡的相互作用 对整个空间的显着声音进行编码（目标 2）。 用于研究中脑和前脑之间潜在声音定位的神经活动路由 （目标 3）。我们小组的最新发现表明鸟类和哺乳动物编码方案的共性， 包括人类在内，支持以下前提：调查歧视性、刺激背后的机制 跨空间选择，以及群体水平的中脑和前脑活动路径，重要的开放 该小组最近提出了声音定位的问题，这对于跨物种具有重要意义。 [清醒动物的多单元录音，将用于每个特定目标。] 为了实现目标 1，我们将研究空间辨别性和表征之间的关系 空间线索的自然统计，重点关注耳间时间差（ITD），这是一个关键的双耳线索 确定跨物种声音的方位角位置此目标将基于前提检验假设。 得到我们小组之前工作的支持，自然 ITD 统计数据的内置表示确定了 根据头部的声学特性，存在于大脑中并优化声音定位。 将进行研究以评估跨频率和空间的空间辨别能力。 记录听觉空间中脑图的活动并使用解码分析来研究听觉空间的特性 支持优化辨别模式的群体反应[将使用清醒鸟类的记录。 作为麻醉效果的对照，初步数据显示了在清醒动物和麻醉动物中进行记录的可行性。 ITD 跨频率和位置的可辨别性模式与假设和属性一致 中脑群体反应支持这种方法的可行性。] 在目标 2 中，我们将在种群规模上仔细研究仓鸮的中脑刺激选择网络。 研究表明伽马振荡在刺激选择中的作用，我们小组最近的研究表明 刺激驱动的时间尖峰模式与声源相对位置之间的依赖性 根据这一证据，我们将讨论猫头鹰中脑空间特定神经元的首选方向。 大脑振荡和刺激驱动的时间尖峰调制相互作用的尚未探索的问题 跨空间刺激选择的模式，是声音定位系统检测的关键功能 根据其显着性和位置发出声音 [麻醉和清醒动物的群体录音将被记录。 用于同时跟踪不同频段的大脑振荡强度以及 竞争声音刺激下的包络驱动尖峰模式来自 MEA 录音的初步数据。 整个中脑空间图显示了人群对竞争声音的反应变化，支持 该方法的可行性以及伽马振荡功率与刺激驱动的时间之间的相关性 整个群体中的尖峰模式与这些信号在编码显着性时的相互作用一致 清醒的仓鸮的录音的初步数据显示，伽马范围大脑的力量有所增加。 振荡以及与反应水平的相关性，与麻醉动物中获得的结果相对应。] 声音定位中的一个关键的悬而未决的问题是中脑和前脑区域显示的相互作用 声音定位的看似不同的编码方案，我们将在目标 3 中解决。 [我们将进行 同时对麻醉和清醒鸟类的大脑区域进行群体记录，以阐明 通过分析成对相关结构和试验间变异性来跨区域路由神经活动。] 我们小组之前的研究表明，中脑和大脑之间的相关结构存在重要差异。 参与声音定位的前脑区域，支持研究基地的潜在意义 这些结果可同时记录这些大脑区域以及这种前所未有的方法的可行性。 因此，该项目将评估中脑和前脑神经的高阶动力学和相互作用 参与声音定位的人群，以研究重要功能运作的机制 [该小组最近开发了一种对清醒的仓鸮进行体内记录的新方法 验证跨目标结果的功能意义。] 这项研究对理解的贡献 声音定位的中枢听觉处理将导致对听觉的更准确的解释 感知及其对听力障碍的干扰，具有改善治疗的潜力。