Coding of Auditory Space in the Avian Brain

鸟类大脑听觉空间的编码

• 批准号: 7315496
• 负责人: Jose L Pena
• 金额: $ 6.35万
• 依托单位: ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7315496
• 关键词: Anatomy; Area; Auditory; Auditory system; Barn Owls; Behavioral; Biological Neural Networks; Birds; Brain; Cell Nucleus; Code; Cues; Data; Detection; Frequencies; Goals; In Vitro; Inferior Colliculus; Knowledge; Methods; Midbrain structure; Modeling; Neurons; Pathway interactions; Physiology; Population; Process; Property; Prosencephalon; Range; Rate; Research; Series; Side; Site; Sound Localization; Staging; Stream; Strigiformes; Study Subject; Testing; Thalamic structure; Time; Work; base; in vivo; neurophysiology; postsynaptic; receptive field; response; sound; superior colliculus Corpora quadrigemina; theories

Barn owls offer several advantages for the study of sound localization, including behavioral, neurophysiological and anatomical information about the localization cues they use. For the owls, the interaural time difference (ITD) encodes the horizontal angle and the interaural level difference (ILD) encodes the vertical angle of sound direction. The main goal of the present proposal is to fill the gaps in our knowledge about the processing of ITD and ILD by using new ideas and methods. The owl's brain processes ITD and ILD in separate pathways. All these processes are organized to produce the sensitivity for combinations of ITD and ILD in space-specific neurons. The nucleus laminaris is the first site of ITD detection. It detects ITDs in separate frequency bands in which each neuron is tuned to a narrow range of frequencies. Our preliminary results show that we can predict the frequency tuning curve of a laminaris neuron from its responses to ITDs, because the neuron simply adds ITD responses for different frequencies. This finding indicates that laminaris neurons carry out cross-correlation of inputs from the two sides. We plan to extend this analysis to high-order ITD sensitive neurons to determine the stage where the additive process is replaced by non-linear integration of inputs from different frequency bands. We already know that the ITD and ILD combination sensitivity of neurons of the external nucleus of the inferior colliculus (ICx) involves a multiplication of postsynaptic potentials from the ITD and ILD pathways. We plan to determine the biophysical bases for multiplication. ICx projects mainly to the optic tectum but not to the thalamus so far as we know. However, both the thalamus and forebrain contain space-specific neurons. The question is how two independent brain areas come to contain neurons with the same response properties. Our preliminary results suggest that the thalamic-forebrain space-specific neurons are different from the ICx counterparts. We propose to pursue this line of research further in this proposal.

谷仓猫头鹰为声音本地化的研究提供了几个优势，包括行为， 有关其使用的本地化线索的神经生理和解剖学信息。对于猫头鹰， 室内时间差（ITD）编码水平角度和跨度水平差异（ILD） 编码声音方向的垂直角度。本提案的主要目标是填补我们的空白 通过使用新想法和方法来了解ITD和ILD的处理。猫头鹰的大脑 在单独的途径中处理ITD和ILD。所有这些过程都是组织的，以产生灵敏度 用于空间特异性神经元中ITD和ILD的组合。 laminaris核是ITD的第一个部位 检测。它在单独的频带中检测ITD，其中每个神经元都调整为狭窄的范围 频率。我们的初步结果表明，我们可以预测地层的频率调整曲线 神经元从其对ITD的反应中，因为神经元只是为不同频率添加了ITD响应。 这一发现表明，层层神经元从两侧进行输入的互相关。我们 计划将此分析扩展到高阶ITD敏感神经元，以确定添加剂的阶段 过程被来自不同频段的输入的非线性整合所取代。我们已经知道 下丘的外核神经元的ITD和ILD组合敏感性（ICX） 涉及从ITD和ILD途径中突触后电位的乘法。我们计划确定 生物物理碱基用于繁殖。 ICX主要针对视神经部门，但没有针对丘脑 我们知道。但是，丘脑和前脑都包含特定空间的神经元。问题是如何 两个独立的大脑区域包含具有相同反应特性的神经元。我们的初步 结果表明，丘脑前空间特异性神经元与ICX对应物不同。 我们建议在该提案中进一步追求这一研究。