Visual cortical mechanisms for the perception of self-generated vs. external motion

感知自生运动与外部运动的视觉皮层机制

• 批准号: 10289888
• 负责人: Stephen Louis Macknik
• 金额: $ 8.83万
• 依托单位: SUNY DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10289888
• 关键词: Academia; Administrative Supplement; Amblyopia; American Indians; Automobile Driving; Award; Biomedical Engineering; Budgets; Communities; Computer Models; Data Analyses; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Electrophysiology (science); Eligibility Determination; Engineering; Environment; Eye Movements; Face; Female; Funding; Grant; Hispanics; International; Judgment; Lead; Letters; Mentors; Minority; Motion; Motion Perception; National Eye Institute; Native Americans; Neurosciences; Ocular orbit; Performance; Phase; Positioning Attribute; Probability; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Schools; Science; Self Perception; Societies; Space Perception; Strabismus; Surveys; Training; Underrepresented Populations; United States National Institutes of Health; Vertigo; Visual Cortex; Woman; Work; base; career; equilibration disorder; experience; interest; loss of function; member; nervous system disorder; oculomotor; parent project; peer coaching; programs; retinal imaging; senior faculty; statistics; success; symposium; visual processing

Project Summary How do we distinguish motion in the world from similar retinal image displacements due to eye movements? This problem has particular importance in diseases such as vertigo and various spatial orientation disorders, where deficits in motion perception—including the suppression of self-motion—lead to devastating conse- quences. Impaired balance and motion perception substantially impact people's daily lives, hindering spatial judgments, and impeding performance during bodily motion tasks, such as ambulating or driving a vehicle. This research supplement application seeks to replace a critical position cut during the JIT phase after the parent project (R01EY031971) was selected for funding. Specifically, the award notice cut the project's engineer, Ms. Olivya Caballero. The loss of the position reduces the team's abilities to complete the Specific Aims, as acknowl- edged by the award notice. More importantly, for this supplement request, the National Eye Institute (NEI) may not have realized that Ms. Caballero is a female Native American biomedical engineer (Baccalaureate holder) with an established interest in research training. Had she been funded, she would have highly enhanced the diversity of researchers funded by the NEI. According to the NSF WMPD (the arbiter of diversity statistics cited by the administrative supplement program, PA-20-222), about 22% of engineering degrees were granted to females in the most recent survey. Only 0.3% of engineering degrees are granted to Native Americans. Thus, the combined probability of funding a female Native American engineer on an NEI grant is 1:1515 (assuming all other effects are held equal). It seems likely (> 50%) that, unless the NEI currently funds ≥ 3030 engineering FTEs through its various programs, cutting Ms. Caballero's position might have resulted in eliminating the only female Native American engineer in its ranks. This supplement application seeks to reestablish Ms. Caballero's position. It will significantly enhance the diversity of the NEI's ranks (following from the NIH's Notice of NIH's Interest in Diversity: NOT-OD-20-031) and restore a substantial cut to the funded research project. The MPIs will train the candidate in multiple aspects of oculomotor electrophysiology, data analysis, and computational modeling—to prepare her to pursue her interest in entering graduate school in biomedical engineering. The supplement will moreover serve to enhance the project's ability to elucidate the loss of function in various oculo- motor and neurological disorders, and as such, is directly relevant to the research priorities of the Strabismus, Amblyopia, and Visual Processing program at the NEI.

项目摘要 我们如何区分世界上的运动与由于眼球运动引起的类似残留图像位移？ 这个问题在眩晕和各种空间取向疾病等疾病中特别重要， 其中定义运动感知（包括抑制自我运动）的地方，以毁灭性的影响 查询。平衡和运动感知受损大大影响人们的日常生活，阻碍了空间 法官，并阻碍了身体运动任务期间的表现，例如行驶或驾驶车辆。这 研究补充申请旨在替换父母之后的JIT阶段裁员的关键位置 选择了项目（R01EY031971）进行资金。具体而言，裁决通知削减了该项目的工程师。 Olivya Caballero。职位的丧失降低了团队完成具体目标的能力，这是公认的 由奖励通知提交。更重要的是，对于此补充要求，国家眼科研究所（NEI）可能 没有意识到卡瓦列罗女士是一位美国原住民生物医学工程师（学士学位持有人） 对研究培训具有既定兴趣。如果她被资助，她将高度增强 NEI资助的研究人员的多样性。根据NSF WMPD（引用的多样性统计仲裁者 通过行政补充计划，PA-20-222），约有22％的工程学位授予 女性在最近的调查中。只有0.3％的工程学位授予美洲原住民。那， 在NEI赠款上为一名美国原住民工程师提供资金的总概率为1：1515（假设所有 其他效果保持平等）。除非NEI当前资金≥3030工程似乎（> 50％）似乎（> 50％） FTE通过其各种计划，削减Caballero女士的位置可能导致消除唯一的 美国原住民工程师的队伍。该补充申请旨在重新建立Caballero女士 位置。它将大大提高NEI等级的多样性（根据NIH的NIH通知 对多样性的兴趣：Not-OD-20-031），并恢复了资助的研究项目的大量削减。 MPI 将在动眼生理学，数据分析和计算的多个方面培训候选人 建模 - 为她准备对生物医学工程研究生院的兴趣做好准备。 此外，补充剂将提高项目在各种oculo-中阐明功能丧失的能力 运动和神经系统疾病，因此与斜视的研究重点直接相关， NEI的弱视和视觉处理程序。