The Neural Basis of Social Knowledge

社会知识的神经基础

基本信息

批准号：
10189904
负责人：
Ingrid R Olson
金额：
$ 37.52万
依托单位：
TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-14 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10189904
关键词：
Amygdaloid structure Anatomy Anterior Architecture Behavior Belief Biography Biological Brain Brain region Categories Clinical Cognitive Communication Complex Computer Models Cues Custom Databases Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Disease Distant Employee Episodic memory Evolution Face Face Processing Friends Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hearing Heart Human Individual Individual Differences Knowledge Language Link Macaca Mediation Memory Mental disorders Meta-Analysis Modeling Neuropsychology Pathway interactions Personality Traits Persons Positioning Attribute Process Psyche structure Research Resolution Rest Schizophrenia Semantics Seminal Sensitivity and Specificity Series Shapes Social Behavior Social Functioning Social Hierarchy Social Interaction Social Network Speech Stereotyping Structure Structure-Activity Relationship System Telephone Temporal Lobe Variant Voice Work association cortex autism spectrum disorder base connectome experience flexibility high dimensionality hospital readmission individual variation neural correlate neuromechanism nonhuman primate relapse prediction relating to nervous system shift work social social cognition social culture social group social neuroscience social relationships social skills social space success transmission process virtual white matter

项目摘要

Project Summary Humans live in large social groups. The requirements of living in such groups may have led to the evolution of language and as well as larger brains. Underpinning our superior social skills is a vast storehouse of social knowledge. For instance, our ability to recognize other individuals and retrieve information about who they are, what their relationship is to us, their position in a social hierarchy, even their personality traits, all relies on a social brain that is tightly linked to declarative memory systems. In addition, our ability to understand and engage in mentalizing, our use of stereotypes and categories, the application of socio-cultural norms about status, hierarchy, and etiquette, as well as the ability to understand the intent, rather than the concrete meaning, of speech, all rely heavily on stored knowledge. Here we propose to extend our prior work that identified a flexible circuit that allows us to retrieve different types of person knowledge, with a putative person identity node in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) at the center of it. We will use multivariate fMRI and representational similarity analysis, as well as structural and functional connectivity analyses, to examine the flexible interaction of this region with perceptual systems, episodic memory systems, and the greater social brain. Success in this project will significantly advance our understanding of the basic neural mechanisms that contribute to high-level social processing and will have important clinical implications for disorders that have core social knowledge deficits such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.

项目概要人类生活在庞大的社会群体中。生活在这样的群体中的要求可能导致了进化语言和更大的大脑。支撑我们卓越社交技能的是巨大的社交宝库知识。例如，我们识别其他人并检索有关他们是谁的信息的能力，他们与我们的关系是什么，他们在社会等级中的地位，甚至他们的个性特征，都依赖于与陈述性记忆系统紧密相连的社交大脑。此外，我们的理解能力和进行心智化，我们对刻板印象和类别的使用，社会文化规范的应用地位、等级和礼仪，以及理解意图而不是具体内容的能力意义、言语都严重依赖于存储的知识。在这里，我们建议扩展我们之前的工作确定了一个灵活的电路，允许我们检索不同类型的人的知识，与一个假定的人位于其中心的前颞叶 (ATL) 的身份节点。我们将使用多元功能磁共振成像代表性相似性分析以及结构和功能连接性分析，以检查该区域与知觉系统、情景记忆系统和更大的社会系统的灵活互动脑。该项目的成功将极大地增进我们对基本神经机制的理解有助于高水平的社会处理，并对患有以下疾病的疾病具有重要的临床意义核心社会知识缺陷，例如自闭症谱系障碍和精神分裂症。